Robin S Matoza¹, Arthur D. Jolly², David Fee³, Alexandra M Iezzi⁴, Ben Kennedy⁵, Rebecca H. Fitzgerald⁶, Geoff Kilgour⁷, Bernard A. Chouet⁸, Phillip B Dawson⁹, Richard Johnson⁷, Oliver D Lamb⁷, Leighton Watson¹⁰, Kasper van Wijk¹¹, Hugo David Ortiz^1,12, Liam Toney^13,14, Jeremy Francoeur¹, Amilea Sork¹⁵, Tehnuka Ilanko¹⁶, Sandrine Cevuard¹⁷, Ricardo William¹⁷, Esther Peter¹⁷, John Junior Niroa¹⁷, Thomas Boyer¹⁸, Tom David Pering¹⁹ and Thomas Wilkes¹⁹, (1)University of California, Santa Barbara, Department of Earth Science and Earth Research Institute, Santa Barbara, United States, (2)U.S. Geological Survey, Volcano Science Center, Hawaiian Volcano Observatory, Hilo, United States, (3)Alaska Volcano Observatory, Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, Alaska, United States, (4)U.S. Geological Survey, Volcano Science Center, Cascades Volcano Observatory, Vancouver, United States, (5)University of Canterbury, School of Earth and Environment, Christchurch, New Zealand, (6)Te Pū Ao | Earth Sciences New Zealand, Avalon Campus, Lower Hutt, New Zealand, (7)Te Pū Ao | Earth Sciences New Zealand, Wairakei Research Centre, Taupō, New Zealand, (8)Retired, Arzier-Le Muids, Switzerland, (9)U.S. Geological Survey, Volcano Science Center, California Volcano Observatory, Moffett Field, United States, (10)School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand, (11)University of Auckland, Department of Physics, Auckland, New Zealand, (12)Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Cambridge, MA, United States, (13)U.S. Geological Survey, Geologic Hazards Science Center, Golden, United States, (14)University of Alaska Fairbanks, Geophysical Institute, Fairbanks, United States, (15)University of Canterbury, School of the Earth and Environment, Christchurch, New Zealand, (16)University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand, (17)Vanuatu Meteorology and Geohazards Department, Geohazards division, Port Vila, Vanuatu, (18)GeolabXP Analytical Laboratory, Haos Blong Volkeno Museum, Port Vila, Vanuatu, (19)University of Sheffield, School of Geography and Planning, Sheffield, United Kingdom