Shashank Bhushan, University of Maryland College Park, Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, College Park, United States; NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Code 618, Biospheric Sciences Laboratory, Greenbelt, United States, Jack Hayes, University of Washington Seattle Campus, Civil & Environmental Engineering, Seattle, United States, Scott T Henderson, University of Washington, Earth and Space Sciences, Seattle, United States, David E Shean, University of Washington, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Seattle, United States and Christopher S R Neigh, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Biospheric Sciences Laboratory, Greenbelt, MD, United States