Qindan Zhu, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Cambridge, United States, Arlene M Fiore, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Cambridge, United States, Robert Pincus, Columbia University, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, New York, United States, Jian Guan, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States, Clare E. Singer, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, United States, Brian Medeiros, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Climate and Global Dynamics Laboratory, Boulder, United States and Paolo Giani, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Cambridge, United States