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Session Proposal: Characteristics of faults and fault zones and their influence on earthquake physics: observations, models, and experiments (AGU25)

T002
Characteristics of faults and fault zones and their influence on earthquake physics: observations, models, and experiments

Session ID#: 248094

Session Description:
Fault zone structures in the upper crust are characterized by highly localized slip surfaces surrounded by intensely fractured rock. These slip surfaces are often geometrically complex and topographically rough over many orders of magnitude. The damage zone surrounding the slip surface has variability in size, shape, and fracture density that alters the permeability and rheology of the volume. Studies show that quantifiable parameters of faults and fault zones influence fundamental properties of earthquakes including the nucleation, propagation, slip distribution, strain energy budget, and ground motion. However, more work is necessary to improve our understanding of the relationship between earthquakes and the structures that host them. In this session, we welcome contributions from a variety of disciplines to better understand the manifestation and evolution of faults and fault zones in nature as well as the impact of structural variability on the behavior of earthquakes.
Co-Sponsor(s):
  • MR - Mineral and Rock Physics
  • S - Seismology
Index Terms:

7209 Earthquake dynamics [SEISMOLOGY]
8118 Dynamics and mechanics of faulting [TECTONOPHYSICS]
8123 Dynamics: seismotectonics [TECTONOPHYSICS]
8163 Rheology and friction of fault zones [TECTONOPHYSICS]
Primary Convener:  James Atterholt, United States Geological Survey, Golden, United States
Conveners:  Travis Alongi, USGS Earthquake Science Center, Moffett Field, United States, Yihe Huang, Earth and Environmental Sciences Department, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, United States and Monica R Barbery, Brown University, Department of Earth, Environmental and Planetary Sciences, Providence, United States
 
Active Tectonics of Eastern Tianshan and Their Role in Accommodating Deformation of the Tianshan Mountains in the Late Quaternary (1850380)
Chuanyou Li, Organization Not Listed, Washington, DC, United States, Kai Sun, Institute of Geology, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing, China and Guangxue Ren Dr, State Key Laboratory of Earthquake Dynamics and Forecasting, Institute of Geology, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing, China
 
Seismic Anisotropy Tracks Fault Zone Response to Hydrological Loading (Invited) (1858378)
Jared Thomas Bryan, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Cambridge, MA, United States, William Benjamin Frank, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Cambridge, MA, United States and Pascal Audet, University of Ottawa, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Ottawa, ON, Canada
 
Soil Gas as a Tracer of Subsurface Faults and Fluid Pathways: A Case Study from the Bojano Basin (Italy) within the MOSAICMO project (1864624)
Alessandra Sciarra1, Livio Ruggiero2, Marino Domenico Barberio1, Luca Pizzino1, Eleonora Benà3, Lavinia Scepi4 and Giancarlo Ciotoli5, (1)Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Roma 1, Rome, Italy, (2)CNR National Research Council, Rome, Italy, (3)University of Padua, Department of Geosciences, Padua, Italy, (4)Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy, (5)CNR Institute of Environmental Geology and Geoengineering, montelibretti unit, Montelibretti (RM), Italy
 
Microstructural analysis of deformation bands from the San Andreas fault damage zone near Parkfield, California (1866374)
Amberly Kroha, Carleton College, Geology, Northfield, MN, United States and Sarah Titus, Carleton College, Department of Geology, Northfield, MN, United States
 
Geometrical Properties of Seismicity and Fault Zone Structure of Strike-slip Faults in California (1866770)
Rajani Shrestha, California Institute of Technology, Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, Pasadena, CA, United States and Zachary E. Ross, California Institute of Technology, Seismological Laboratory, Pasadena, United States
 
Stick-Slip Behavior of Fault under Variable Normal Stress: Insight from Laboratory Shear Test and Physical Friction Model (1867051)
Kang Tao and Heinz Konietzky, TU Bergakademie Freiberg, Institut für Geotechnik, Freiberg, Germany
 
Imaging the Evolution of the Fault-zone Environment During the Preparatory Stage of the 2024 Noto Peninsula Earthquake in Japan. (Invited) (1868727)
Nicolas DeSalvio, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA, United States, Wenyuan Fan, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, United States, Ryo Okuwaki, University of Tsukuba, Institute of Life and Environmental Sciences, Tsukuba, Japan and Matthias Morzfeld, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, La Jolla, United States
 
Insights from a single-asperity lab-fault experiment (1877603)
Guilhem Mollon1, Adriane Clerc2, Amandine Ferrieux3, Lionel Lafarge3 and Aurélien Saulot3, (1)INSA Institut National des Sciences Appliquées, Toulouse Cedex 04, France, (2)INSA Lyon, LaMCoS, Lyon, France, (3)Univ Lyon, INSA Lyon, CNRS, LaMCoS, UMR5259, Villeurbanne, France
 
Detecting Urban Earthquakes with the San Fernando Valley Nodal Array and Machine Learning (1885724)
Joses Omojola, University of Arizona, Department of Geosciences, Tucson, United States and Patricia Persaud, University of Arizona, Department of Geosciences, Tucson, AZ, United States
 
Slip-Pulses Drive Frictional Motion of Dissimilar Materials (1886002)
Yonatan Poles1, Songlin Shi2 and Jay Fineberg1, (1)Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Racah Institute of Physics, Jerusalem, Israel, (2)The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, The Racah Institute of Physics, Jerusalem, Israel
 
Widespread Non-Double-Couple Earthquake Sources Reveal Fluid-Driven Rupture in the Western Tottori Region, Japan (1889784)
Ji Zhang, Earthquake Research Institute, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan, Aitaro Kato, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Japan, Wei Wang, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, Shin'ichi Sakai, The University of Tokyo, Interfaculty Initiative in Information Studies, Tokyo, Japan, Satoshi Matsumoto, Kyushu University, Institute of Seismology and Volcanology, Fukuoka, Japan and Yoshihiro Ito, Kyoto University, Disaster Prevention Research Institute, Kyoto, Japan
 
Ground Motion Variability Observed in the 2019 Ridgecrest Earthquake Sequence (1895735)
Elizabeth S Cochran1, Grace Alexandra Parker2, Sarah E Minson2 and Annemarie Baltay2, (1)U.S. Geological Survey, Earthquake Science Center, Pasadena, CA, United States, (2)U.S. Geological Survey, Earthquake Science Center, Moffett Field, United States
 
Fingerprints of seismic rupture in the Elsinore fault damage zone: Coyote Mountains, Southern California (1897348)
W. Ashley Griffith, Ohio State University Main Campus, Earth Sciences, Columbus, United States, Hannah Gaston, WSP Environment and Energy, Columbus, United States, Thomas K Rockwell, San Diego State University, Department of Geological Sciences, San Diego, CA, United States and Aidan Fullriede, Illinois EPA, Bureau of Land, Springfield, United States
 
Correlation Between Anisotropic Fabric Strength and Fault Creep Suggests Fault Behavior is Driven by Rock Type (1898935)
Vera Schulte-Pelkum, Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, Department of Geological Sciences, Boulder, United States, Deborah Lyman Kilb, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA, United States and Thorsten W Becker, University of Texas at Austin, Jackson School of Geosciences, Austin, United States
 
Shallow Geomaterial Properties Influence Shear Zone Width During Surface-Rupturing Strike-Slip Earthquakes (1900193)
Curtis William Baden1, Johanna M Nevitt1, Fernando Estéfan Garcia2 and Todd L Ericksen1, (1)U.S. Geological Survey, Earthquake Science Center, Moffett Field, United States, (2)University of Michigan, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Ann Arbor, United States
 
Rate-state friction is insufficient to explain co and interseismic deformation associated with repeated caldera collapse earthquakes (1917988)
Rebeca Ursu, Stanford University, Department of Geophysics, Stanford, United States, Josh Crozier, U.S. Geological Survey - California Volcano Observatory, Moffet Field, United States and Paul Segall, Stanford University, Department of Geophysics, Stanford, CA, United States
 
Major strike-slip fault separating the Indian Shield and the Bengal Basin: Implications for seismic hazards (1921677)
Aktarul Ahsan1,2, Mehmet Ali Uge3, Brian Boston2, Willis Hames3, Elizabeth L Chamberlain4, Faruk Hossain1 and Akm Khorshed Alam1, (1)Geological Survey of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh, (2)Auburn University, Department of Geosciences, Auburn, AL, United States, (3)Auburn University, Department of Geosciences, Auburn, United States, (4)Wageningen University, Soil Geography & Landscape group and Netherlands Centre for Luminescence dating, Wageningen, Netherlands
 
Frictional Behavior and Shear Localization in Experiments with Realistic Fault Roughness Bounding Gouge Layer (1922532)
Julia Baumgarte, McGill University, Earth and Planetary Sciences, Montreal, QC, Canada, Otis Wickenhaeuser, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, United States, James D Kirkpatrick, University of Nevada Reno, Reno, United States, Kristina Okamoto, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Minneapolis, United States and Heather M Savage, University of California Santa Cruz, Earth and Planetary Sciences, Santa Cruz, United States
 
Stress fields near a heterogeneous laboratory fault and the implications for earthquake propagation and arrest (1925844)
Yucheng Yang, Cornell University, Earth and Atmospheric Science, Ithaca, NY, United States and Gregory C Mclaskey, Cornell University, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Ithaca, NY, United States
 
Tracking Fault Zone Evolution across Seismic Cycles at the Gofar Transform Fault, East Pacific Rise (1930362)
Yan Yang1, Wenyuan Fan1, Jeffrey McGuire2, Mark D Behn3, Jessica M Warren4, John A Collins2 and Margaret S Boettcher5, (1)Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, United States, (2)Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Geology and Geophysics, Woods Hole, United States, (3)Boston College, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Chestnut Hill, United States, (4)University of Delaware, Earth Sciences, Newark, DE, United States, (5)University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, United States
 
High-Resolution Atmospheric Methane Measurements from Vehicle-Based Surveys Reveal Fault Zone Fluid Pathways (1933363)
Dr. Michito Shimo1, Niwa Masakazu2, Hiroshi Yagi1, Satoru Yokoi Dr.3, Tomochika Tokunaga4 and Satoru Yokoi: Research Institute of Innovative Technology for the Earth (RITE), Japan, (1)Fukada Geological Institute, Tokyo, Japan, (2)Tono Geoscience Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Toki-city, Gifu-prefecture, Japan, (3)Research Institute of Innovative Technology for the Earth (RITE), Japan, Tokyo, Japan, (4)The University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
 
Modeling Dynamic Responses of Precariously Balanced Rocks (PBRs) in Virtual Space (1933748)
Fernando Estéfan Garcia1, Thomas L Pratt2 and Ella Palmer1, (1)University of Michigan, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Ann Arbor, United States, (2)U.S. Geological Survey, Geologic Hazards Science Center, Reston, United States
 
Reproducing the Spatial Variations of Surface Displacement for the Past Surface Rupturing Earthquake based on the Dynamic Rupture Simulation (1938312)
Kenichi Tsuda1, Jun’ichi Miyakoshi2, Naoki Iwata3 and Shotaro Tane3, (1)Shimizu Corporation, Tokyo, Japan, (2)Shimizu Corporation, Koto-ku, Tokyo, Japan, (3)Chuden Engineering Consultants Co. Ltd., Hiroshima-Shi, Japan
 
Supershear Rupture Sustained Through a Thick Fault Zone in the 2025 Mw 7.8 Myanmar Earthquake (Invited) (1939339)
Shengji Wei1, Xin WANG2, Hongyu Zeng3, Chenglong Li4, Feng Zhang Ma5, Yihe Huang6, Qibin Shi7, Phyo Maung Maung8, Kyaw Moe Oo9, Han Chen4, Yin Myo MIN Htwe10, Mingzhe Lv8, Luca Dal Zilio8, Ling Chen11, Jiangtao Liao12, Shun Yang13, Yiming Bai5, Jianyong Zhang14 and Xinjian Shan4, (1)Earth Observatory of Singapore, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore, (2)IGG Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, (3)Asian School of the Environment, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore, (4)Institute of Geology, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing, China, (5)Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore, (6)Earth and Environmental Sciences Department, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, United States, (7)Rice University, Houston, United States, (8)Earth Observatory of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore, (9)Department of Meteorology and Hydrology, Naypyidaw, Myanmar, (10)Department of Meteorology and Hydrology, Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar, (11)Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric and Environmental Coevolution, Beijing, China, (12)CDUT Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, China, (13)Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhejiang, China, (14)CENC China Earthquake Networks Center, Beijing, China
 
Shear Heating as a Driver of Fluid Overpressure and Slip Potential in Shallow-Crustal Faults (1946169)
Swarnendu Bhuyan1, Shiba Biswas2 and Arindam Basak2, (1)Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Department of Geology and Geophysics, Kharagpur, India, (2)Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Department of Mathematics, Kharagpur, India
 
Links Between Fault Mineralogy, Fabric, Friction, and Rupture Behavior of the MW 7.6 Elbistan Earthquake, Türkiye (1969458)
Leslie Garcia1, Alexis K Ault1, Alba Mar Rodriguez Padilla2, Musa Balkaya3, Caden J Howlett2, Srisharan Shreedharan2, Dennis L Newell2, Sinan O Akciz4, Cengiz Zabcı5 and Greg Hirth6, (1)Utah State University, Department of Geosciences, Logan, UT, United States, (2)Utah State University, Department of Geosciences, Logan, United States, (3)Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University, Kahramanmaraş, Turkey, (4)California State University Fullerton, Geological Sciences, Fullerton, United States, (5)Istanbul Technical University, Department of Geological Engineering, Istanbul, Turkey, (6)Brown University, Department of Earth, Environmental and Planetary Sciences, Providence, RI, United States
 
Numerical Investigation of Temporal Changes in Repeating Earthquake Behavior Before and After the 2011 Tohoku-Oki Earthquake (1978468)
Yuki Watanabe, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan, Yoshihiro Kaneko, Kyoto University, Department of Geophysics, Kyoto, Japan and Keisuke Yoshida, Tohoku University, Graduate School of Science, Sendai, Japan
 
Lithology or Geometry? Frictional properties of fault gouges in the northern transition region of the San Andreas Fault highlight the importance of local effective stress (1984845)
Julia E Krogh1, Heather M Savage1, Emily Brodsky1, Craig Ulrich2, Yves Guglielmi2 and Jacquelyn Williams1, (1)University of California Santa Cruz, Earth and Planetary Sciences, Santa Cruz, United States, (2)Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, United States
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