Shane Russett and Jason E Smerdon, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Palisades, United States

Ernesto Tejedor¹, Diego Mallen², Marta Dominguez³, Marcos Marín¹, Luis Alberto Longares², Miguel Ángel Saz² and Gerardo Benito¹, (1)Spanish National Research Council, National Museum of Natural Sciences, Madrid, Spain, (2)University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain, (3)Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, Netherlands

Tanaya Gondhalekar, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States, Julien Emile-Geay, Univ. of Southern California, Department of Earth Sciences, Los Angeles, United States, Deborah Khider, University of Southern California, Information Sciences Institute, Los Angeles, CA, United States, Albus Shang, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, United States, Nicholas McKay, Northern Arizona University, School of Earth and Sustainability, Flagstaff, United States, David Edge, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, United States, Gregory J Hakim, University of Washington, Department of Atmospheric and Climate Science, Seattle, United States and Zilu Meng, University of Washington, Atmospheric and Climate Science, Seattle, United States

Gordon Walker, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Oceanography, Honolulu, United States, Sloan Coats, University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa, Honolulu, United States and Georgina Falster, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia

Matthew Illing¹, David Mucciarone² and Robert B Dunbar², (1)Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States, (2)Stanford University, Oceans Department, Stanford, United States

Nyla Hartigan¹, Sylvia Dee¹, Kelsey Murphy¹, Nathan John Steiger² and Chris Hancock³, (1)Rice University, Earth, Environmental, and Planetary Sciences, Houston, TX, United States, (2)Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Institute of Earth Sciences, Jerusalem, Israel, (3)Rice University, Earth, Environmental, and Planetary Sciences, Houston, United States

Laura J Larocca¹, Darrell S Kaufman², Nicholas McKay³, Michael Erb³ and Taylor Schultz³, (1)Arizona State University, School of Ocean Futures, Tempe, United States, (2)Northern Arizona University, School of Earth and Sustainability, Flagstaff, AZ, United States, (3)Northern Arizona University, School of Earth and Sustainability, Flagstaff, United States

Julien Emile-Geay, Univ. of Southern California, Department of Earth Sciences, Los Angeles, United States, Albus Shang, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, United States, Tanaya Gondhalekar, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States, Francisco Cuesta-Valero, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany, Hugo Beltrami, St. Francis Xavier University, Environmental Sciences Program, Antigonish, NS, Canada and Gregory J Hakim, University of Washington, Department of Atmospheric and Climate Science, Seattle, United States

Naoko Hasegawa¹, Koh Yasue², Takehiko Mikami³, Hiroshi G Takahashi³, Masumi Zaiki⁴, Hitoshi Yonenobu⁵, Junpei Hirano⁶, Fujio Kumon⁷, Nozomi Hatano⁸ and Genki Katata⁹, (1)Ochanomizu University, Tokyo, Japan, (2)Shinshu University, INA city, Japan, (3)Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan, (4)Seikei University, Musashino-Shi Tokyo, Japan, (5)Naruto University of Education, Naruto city, Japan, (6)Teikyo university, Hachioji city, Japan, (7)Kochi University, Kochi city, Japan, (8)Niigata University, Niigata city, Japan, (9)The Canon Institute for Global Studies, Tokyo, Japan

Benjamin Gaglioti, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Institute of Northern Engineering, Fairbanks, AK, United States, Daniel H Mann, Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, United States, Samuel Mark, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, United States, Edward R Cook, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Tree-Ring Laboratory, Palisades, United States, Laia Andreu-Hayles, Columbia University, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Palisades, United States and Gregory C Wiles, The College of Wooster, Department of Earth Sciences, Wooster, United States

Georgina Falster, University of Adelaide, School of Physics, Chemistry and Earth Sciences, Adelaide, SA, Australia, Nerilie J. Abram, Australian National University, Research School of Earth Sciences, Canberra, Australia and Spencer Wong, ACCESS-NRI, Canberra, VIC, Australia

Georgina Falster, University of Adelaide, School of Physics, Chemistry and Earth Sciences, Adelaide, SA, Australia, Nicholas McKay, University of Arizona, Tucson, United States, Alyssa R. Atwood, Florida State University, Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences, Tallahassee, United States, Chris Hancock, Northern Arizona University, School of Earth and Sustainability, Flagstaff, United States, Ben J Henley, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia, Matthew Jones, University of Nottingham, School of Geography, Nottingham, United Kingdom, Nikita Kaushal, American Museum of Natural History, Earth and Planetary Sciences, New York, United States, Mariano Morales, El Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales, Mendoza, Argentina, Anais Orsi, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, Santosh Shah, Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeosciences, Quaternary, Lucknow, India, Lily Smyth, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom and Hydroclimate2k Project Members

Stockton Maxwell¹, Matthew F Bekker², James Speer³, Nicole Zampieri⁴, Justine Ngoma⁵, Charles Mulenga⁵, Phillimon Ng'andwe⁵, Francis Munalula⁵ and Paul Krusic⁶, (1)Radford University, Department of Geospatial and Earth Sciences, Radford, United States, (2)Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, United States, (3)Indiana State University, Department of Earth and Environmental Systems, Terre Haute, United States, (4)University of Central Florida, Department of Biology, Orlando, United States, (5)Copperbelt University, Department of Biomaterials Science and Technology, Kitwe, Zambia, (6)University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Dr. Hung Tan Thai Nguyen, PhD, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, United States, Roy Abernethy, University of Stirling, Stirling, United Kingdom, Robert Wilson, University of St. Andrews, St Andrews, United Kingdom, Daniel Druckenbrod, Rider University, Lawrenceville, NJ, United States, Kathryn Allen, University of Tasmania, School of Geography, Planning and Spatial Sciences, Hobart, VIC, Australia, Brendan Buckley, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Palisades, United States, Edward R Cook, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Tree-Ring Laboratory, Palisades, United States, Rosanne D'Arrigo, Columbia University, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Palisades, United States and Jonathan Gray Palmer, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia

Hannah Baker¹, Sujata A Murty², Ian Plummer³, Autumn Johnson⁴, Kathryn Rooney⁴ and Konrad A Hughen⁵, (1)University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, United States, (2)University at Albany State University of New York, Albany, United States, (3)University at Albany, State University of New York, Department of Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences, Albany, United States, (4)University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, United States, (5)WHOI, Woods Hole, United States

George Rhee, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, United States, Diana Lynn Thatcher, PhD, Iowa State University, Earth, Atmosphere, and Climate, Ames, United States and Grant L. Harley, University of Idaho, Department of Earth and Spatial Sciences, Moscow, United States

Jarunetr (Nadia) Sae-Lim, PhD, University of California Irvine, Earth System Science, Irvine, United States, Kathleen R Johnson, University of California, Irvine, Dept. of Earth System Science, Irvine, United States and Michael L Griffiths, William Paterson University, Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Wayne, United States

Edward R Cook¹, Michela Biasutti², Boniface Fosu³, Brendan Buckley⁴ and Jason E Smerdon⁴, (1)Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Tree-Ring Laboratory, Palisades, United States, (2)Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, NY, United States, (3)Mississippi State University, Geosciences, Mississippi State, United States, (4)Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Palisades, United States

Charlotte Wiman¹, Michelle O'Donnell², Simon Pendleton³ and Samuel E. Munoz¹, (1)Northeastern University, Marine & Environmental Sciences, Boston, MA, United States, (2)Northeastern University, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Boston, MA, United States, (3)Plymouth State University, Plymouth, United States

Taylor Conklin¹, Alyssa R. Atwood², Kim M Cobb³, Hussein Sayani⁴, Dr. Daniel Gebregiorgis, PhD⁵, John Richard Southon⁶, Andrea Doggett², Neda Mobasher² and R. Lawrence Edwards^7,8, (1)University of North Carolina at Wilmington, Center for Marine Science, Wilmington, NC, United States, (2)Florida State University, Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences, Tallahassee, United States, (3)Brown Univeristy, Department of Earth, Environmental, and Planetary Sciences, Providence, United States, (4)Langan Consulting, Atlanta, United States, (5)Georgia State University, Geosciences, Atlanta, GA, United States, (6)Univ California, Earth System Science, Irvine, United States, (7)Nanjing Normal University, Dept. of Geography, Nanjing, China, (8)University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Earth & Environmental Sciences, Minneapolis, United States

Shane Lusk¹, Jessica L Conroy¹ and Ben Brandon Curry², (1)University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Department of Earth Science & Environmental Change, Urbana, United States, (2)Illinois State Geological Survey, Prairie Research Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States

Jessica E Tierney, University of Arizona, Department of Geosciences, Tucson, AZ, United States, Summer Kate Praetorius, USGS, Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center, Moffett Field, United States and Britta J.L. Jensen, University of Alberta, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Edmonton, AB, Canada

Rose Oelkers, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Earth Science and Environmental Change, Urbana, United States, Dr. Hung Tan Thai Nguyen, PhD, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, United States, Brendan Buckley, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Palisades, United States, Hieu M. Phung, Rutgers University New Brunswick, Department of Asian Languages and Cultures, New Brunswick, United States, Binh Quang Nguyen, The University of Danang-University of Science and Technology, Water Resources Engineering, Danang, Vietnam, Oanh T. Nguyen, University of Science and Technology of Hanoi, Hanoi, Vietnam and Nam C. Le, Forest Science Institute of Central Highlands and South Central Vietnam, Da Lat, Vietnam

Feng Wang¹, Dr. Kevin J. Anchukaitis², Erika Wise³, Andrew Friend⁴, Bao Yang⁵, Julie Edwards⁶, Xiuchen Jiang⁷ and Matthew P Dannenberg⁷, (1)University of Iowa, School of Earth, Environment, and Sustainability, Iowa City, IA, United States, (2)University of Arizona, Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research, Tucson, United States, (3)University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Department of Geography and Environment, Chapel Hill, United States, (4)University of Cambridge, Department of Geography, Cambridge, United Kingdom, (5)Nanjing University, School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing, China, (6)UC Santa Barbara, Bren School of Environmental Science & Management, Santa Barbara, United States, (7)University of Iowa, School of Earth, Environment, and Sustainability, Iowa City, United States

Ana Isabel Gonzalez Mendez¹, Dr. Kevin J. Anchukaitis², Diego Pons³, Kiyomi Morino², Talia Anderson⁴ and Laia Andreu-Hayles⁵, (1)University of Arizona, School of Geography, Development and Environment, Tucson, United States, (2)University of Arizona, Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research, Tucson, United States, (3)University of Denver, Department of Geography and the Environment, Denver, United States, (4)University Corporation for Atmospheric Research, Cooperative Programs for the Advancement of Earth System Science, Boulder, United States, (5)ICREA CREAF / Columbia University, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Barcelona, Spain

Justin T. Maxwell¹, Joshua C Bregy², Alihossein Ezzati³, Grant L. Harley⁴, Macarena Ferriz Nunez⁵, Mahdiyeh Karvarinasab³, Monica Rother⁶, Karen King⁷, Scott Robeson⁸, Jan Altman⁹, Clay Tucker¹⁰ and Jean Huffman¹¹, (1)Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, United States, (2)Clemson University, Department of Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, Clemson, SC, United States, (3)Indiana University Bloomington, Geography Department, Bloomington, IN, United States, (4)University of Idaho, Department of Earth and Spatial Sciences, Moscow, United States, (5)Indiana University, Geography, Bloomington, United States, (6)University of North Carolina Wilmington, Environmental Sciences, Wilmington, United States, (7)University of Tennessee, Department of Geography and Sustainability, Knoxville, TN, United States, (8)Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, United States, (9)Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Zámek, Czech Republic, (10)University of Southern Mississippi, School of Biological, Environmental and Earth Sciences, Stennis Space Center, MS, United States, (11)Tall Timbers Research Station, Tallahassee, United States

Kelly McKeon, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Geology and Geophysics, Woods Hole, United States; Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States, Jeffrey P Donnelly, WHOI, Geology and Geophysics, Woods Hole, United States and Christopher G Piecuch, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, United States

Anson H Cheung and Jason E Smerdon, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Palisades, United States

Julia Tootle, University of Georgia, Department of Geography, Athens, GA, United States and Thomas L Mote, Univ Georgia, Athens, GA, United States

Grant L. Harley, University of Idaho, Department of Earth and Spatial Sciences, Moscow, United States, Justin T. Maxwell, Indiana University, Bloomington, United States, Joshua C Bregy, Clemson University, Department of Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, Clemson, SC, United States, Richie Thaxton, University of Idaho, Moscow, United States, Karen King, University of Tennessee, Department of Geography and Sustainability, Knoxville, TN, United States, Clay Tucker, University of Southern Mississippi, School of Biological, Environmental and Earth Sciences, Stennis Space Center, MS, United States, Monica Rother, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Environmental Sciences, Wilmington, United States and Jan Altman, Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Zámek, Czech Republic

Alexis Watkins¹, Nina Whitney², Caroline Ummenhofer³, Svenja Ryan⁴, Arne Biastoch⁵, Torge Martin⁵, Eric Powell⁶, Roger Mann⁷, Eileen E Hofmann⁸, Dr. John Michael Klinck II, PhD⁸, Natalie Sprague⁹ and Molly Spencer¹⁰, (1)Western Washington University, Bellingham, WA, United States, (2)Western Washington University, Marine and Coastal Science, Bellingham, WA, United States, (3)WHOI, Woods Hole, United States, (4)Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, United States, (5)GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel, Germany, (6)University of Southern Mississippi, Department of Coastal Sciences, Ocean Springs, United States, (7)Virginia Institute of Marine Science, Fisheries Science, Gloucester Point, VA, United States, (8)Old Dominion University, Center for Coastal Physical Oceanography, Norfolk, VA, United States, (9)Old Dominion University, Norfolk, United States, (10)University of Southern Mississippi, Coastal Sciences, Long Beach, United States

Louis Verschuren¹, Valerie Trouet², Vladimir Matskovsky¹ and Jan Van den Bulcke¹, (1)Ghent University, Bioscience Engineering, Gent, Belgium, (2)University of Arizona, Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research, Tucson, AZ, United States

Audrey Heichelbech, University of Southern Mississippi, Stennis Space Center, MS, United States, Jordan Sharp, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, United States and Maegen Rochner, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States

Joshua C Bregy, Clemson University, Department of Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, Clemson, SC, United States, Justin T. Maxwell, Indiana University, Bloomington, United States, Elizabeth Jane Wallace, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, United States, Grant L. Harley, University of Idaho, Department of Earth and Spatial Sciences, Moscow, United States, Scott Robeson, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, United States and Valerie Trouet, University of Arizona, Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research, Tucson, AZ, United States

Zachary Foley, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, United States, Grant L. Harley, University of Idaho, Department of Earth and Spatial Sciences, Moscow, United States, Karen King, University of Tennessee, Department of Geography and Sustainability, Knoxville, TN, United States, Maegen Rochner, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States, Savannah Anne Collins-Key, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States, Matthew F Bekker, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, United States and Georg von Arx, WSL Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research, Forest Dynamics, Birmensdorf, Switzerland

Ray Lombardi, University of Memphis, Department of Earth Sciences, Memphis, TN, United States, Glenn A Tootle, University of Alabama, Department of Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering, Tuscaloosa, AL, United States and Lisa Davis, University of Alabama, Department of Geography and the Environment, Tuscaloosa, United States

Ibuki Sugiura, Columbia University of New York, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, New York, United States, Jason E Smerdon, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Palisades, United States, Ernesto Tejedor, National Museum of Natural Sciences-CSIC, Madrid, Spain, Mathias F Vuille, University at Albany, State University of New York, Department of Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences, Albany, United States and Prof. Lorenzo M Polvani, PhD, Columbia University, Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, New York, United States

Jordan Sharp, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, United States, Maegen Rochner, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States, Neil Pederson, Harvard Forest, Petersham, United States, Justin T. Maxwell, Indiana University, Bloomington, United States and Audrey Heichelbech, University of Southern Mississippi, Stennis Space Center, MS, United States

Savannah Anne Collins-Key, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, United States, Matthew F Bekker, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, United States, Sara Germain, Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies, Millbrook, NY, United States; University of Wyoming, Laramie, United States, Maegen Rochner, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States, Grant L. Harley, University of Idaho, Department of Earth and Spatial Sciences, Moscow, United States and Georg von Arx, WSL Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research, Forest Dynamics, Birmensdorf, Switzerland

Caroline Leland, William Paterson University, Environmental Science, Wayne, NJ, United States, Nicole K Davi, William Paterson University of New Jersey, Environmental Science, Wayne, NJ, United States; Columbia University of New York, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Palisades, United States, Laia Andreu-Hayles, ICREA CREAF / Columbia University, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Barcelona, Spain, Arturo Pacheco-Solana, University of Padova, Legnaro, Italy, Julie Edwards, UC Santa Barbara, Bren School of Environmental Science & Management, Santa Barbara, United States, Baatarbileg Nachin, National University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia and Rosanne D'Arrigo, Columbia University, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Palisades, United States

Gwendal Dolou, Louisiana State University, Department of Geography and Anthropology, Baton Rouge, United States, Chuan-Chou Shen, National Taiwan University, High‐precision Mass Spectrometry and Environment Change Laboratory (HISPEC), Department of Geosciences, Taipei, Taiwan and Dr. Kristine L DeLong, Ph.D., Louisiana State University, Department of Geography and Anthropology, Baton Rouge, LA, United States