The internal structure and dynamics of planetary bodies fundamentally control their thermal evolution, surface environments, and long-term habitability. Processes operating within planetary interiors regulate the exchange of heat and materials between the interior and surface. These processes influence crust formation, volcanic outgassing, magnetic field generation, and the persistence of subsurface oceans.

Advances in experimental petrology, geophysics, spectroscopy, observations, and planetary modeling have greatly improved our ability to probe planetary interiors in diverse bodies, from rocky planets and differentiated asteroids to icy moons hosting subsurface oceans. Experimental constraints on silicate melting and volatile behavior provide insight into interior evolution of Earth, the Moon, Mars and Mercury, while spacecraft missions such as Galileo, Cassini, Europa Clipper, and JUICE offer new constraints on the interior structure of icy worlds.

This session invites experimental, observational, and modeling studies exploring how planetary interiors shape planetary evolution and habitability across rocky planets, icy moons, and exoplanets.