Extreme heat is among the most intensively studied climate hazards, yet its risks continue to escalate. Heatwaves are becoming hotter, longer-lasting, and more frequent, with pronounced impacts on human health, ecosystems, agriculture, and infrastructure. These trends are expected to intensify under continued warming, underscoring the need for improved understanding and prediction.

This session aims to bring together experts across disciplines to advance understanding of heatwave characteristics, underlying physical drivers, predictability, interactions with other hazards, and their societal impacts.

We invite contributions addressing the following themes:

1) Physical Mechanisms: Key processes driving heatwave changes, including feedbacks among climate drivers and interaction with other hazards, such as droughts and wildfires.

2) Predictability: Sources of predictability and associated challenges, including advances in statistical and dynamical modeling, remote sensing, and machine learning approaches.

3) Compound risks and impacts: Interactions between heatwaves and other environmental stressors, and their impacts on society and ecosystems.

• A - Atmospheric Sciences
• OS - Ocean Sciences