In recent decades, the rapid expansion of observational data and numerical simulations has improved the depiction of convection in weather forecasting and climate projections. However, our understanding of fundamental mechanisms of atmospheric convection, such as the underlying physics of the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO), tropical cyclone generation, and the role of clouds in climate change, remains inadequate. The development of higher-resolution models based on supercomputers necessitates more sophisticated sub-grid schemes to account for missing physics. These factors underscore the critical role of theoretical studies in advancing our understanding of atmospheric convection and refining its representation in models. This session invites abstracts utilizing observation, simulations, and theories to demonstrate fundamental mechanisms and properties of atmospheric convection across scales. Potential topics include but are not limited to the MJO, convectively coupled waves, tropical cyclones, mesoscale convective systems, supercells, and cloud dynamics.