Understanding how solar-wind forcing propagates through the coupled magnetosphere–ionosphere–thermosphere system to impact the near-Earth environment remains a central challenge in space weather research. With the rapid growth of low-Earth orbit satellite constellations, linking upstream drivers to downstream impacts is increasingly critical. This session invites contributions investigating end-to-end coupling across geospace, from solar sources and solar-wind structures to magnetospheric dynamics, thermosphere–ionosphere response, and satellite drag. We welcome observational, theoretical, and modeling studies that examine cumulative energy input, temporal evolution of forcing, and cross-scale coupling. Contributions using data-driven approaches, machine learning, and data assimilation are encouraged. Topics include thermospheric density variability, orbital decay, conjunction risk, and impacts on space operations.

• NG - Nonlinear Geophysics
• SA - SPA-Aeronomy
• SH - SPA-Solar and Heliospheric Physics