The continental lithosphere preserves Earth’s long tectonic evolution, from ancient cratonic interiors such as the Yilgarn and Pilbara Cratons to actively deforming orogenic systems including the Tethyan belts. These diverse domains record a history of growth, stabilization, and reworking that has produced a highly heterogeneous lithosphere influencing tectonic processes, crust–mantle interactions, and the formation of mineral systems. Recent dense geophysical deployments—including large‑N arrays such as the WA Array—together with legacy datasets, are providing new resolution of lithospheric structure. Integrated studies that combine seismic imaging with complementary approaches, including magnetotellurics, gravity, geochemistry, and geodynamic modelling, are revealing crust–mantle architecture, lithospheric modification, and links to mineral systems across both cratonic interiors and orogenic margins. We welcome contributions across imaging, modelling, and multidisciplinary investigations that illuminate lithospheric structure and evolution in diverse tectonic settings.

• DI - Study of the Earth's Deep Interior
• S - Seismology