Timing the oxidation of Earth’s crust: Evidence from big data records of manganese mineralization

Daniel R Hummer1, Joshua J Golden2, Grethe Hystad3, Robert T Downs4, Ahmed M Eleish5, Chao Liu6, Jolyon Ralph7, Shaunna M Morrison8, Michael Meyer8 and Robert M Hazen3, (1)Southern Illinois University Carbondale, Department of Geology, Carbondale, IL, United States, (2)University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States, (3)Carnegie Inst, Washington, United States, (4)University of Arizona, Department of Geosciences, Tucson, AZ, United States, (5)Carnegie Inst Washington, Earth and Planets Laboratory, Washington, United States, (6)Carnegie Institution for Science, Geophysical Laboratory, Washington, DC, United States, (7)mindat.org, Surray, United Kingdom, (8)Carnegie Institution for Science Washington, Geophysical Laboratory, Washington, DC, United States