Guannan Geng¹, Hongyan Zhao², Qiang Zhang¹, Steven J Davis³, Xin Li¹, Yang Liu⁴, Liqun Peng⁵, Meng Li⁶, Bo Zheng⁷, Hong Huo¹, Lin Zhang⁸, Daven K Henze⁹, Zhifu Mi¹⁰, Zhu Liu¹¹, Dabo Guan¹² and Kebin He¹, (1)Tsinghua University, Beijing, China, (2)Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China, (3)University of California Irvine, Earth System Science, Irvine, CA, United States, (4)Columbia University of New York, Civil Engineering and Engineering Mechanics, Palisades, NY, United States, (5)School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China, (6)Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Multiphase Chemistry Department, Mainz, Germany, (7)LSCE Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, Gif-Sur-Yvette Cedex, France, (8)Peking University, Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, Beijing, China, (9)University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States, (10)University College London, London, United Kingdom, (11)Tsinghua University, Department of Earth System Science, Beijing, China, (12)University of East Anglia, School of International Development, Norwich, United Kingdom