Caroline Ladlow, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Department of Geosciences, Amherst, MA, United States, Brian Yellen, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States, Jonathan D Woodruff, Woods Hole Oceanographic Inst, Woods Hole, MA, United States, Waverly Lau, University of Massachusetts Amherst, GeoSciences, Amherst, MA, United States, Brian Premo, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Geosciences, Amherst, MA, United States and David K Ralston, WHOI, Applied Ocean Physics & Engineering, Woods Hole, MA, United States