Carlos Javier Martinez, Lamont -Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Ocean Climate Physics (OCP), Palisades, NY, United States, Yochanan Kushnir, Columbia Univ, Palisades, NY, United States, Lisa M Goddard, International Research Institute for Climate & Society, Palisades, NY, United States and Mingfang Ting, Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Palisades, NY, United States