Yutaka Yoshimura, Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan, Toshitsugu Yamazaki, Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan, Yuhji Yamamoto, Kochi University, Center for Advanced Marine Core Research, Kochi, Japan, Hyeon-seon Ahn, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM), Daejeon, South Korea, Tesfaye K Birke, University of KwaZulu-Natal, School of Earth Sciences, Durban, South Africa, Yo-Ichiro Otofuji, Kobe University, Hyogo, Japan and Naoto Ishikawa, Kyoto Univ, Kyoto, Japan