Vahid Teknik, Istanbul Technical University, Eurasia Institute of Earth Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey; University of Copenhagen, Geology Section, IGN, Copenhagen, Denmark, Hans Thybo, Istanbul Technical University, Eurasia Institute of Earth Sciences, Maslak, Turkey; University of Oslo, Centre for Earth Evolution and Dynamics, Oslo, Norway, Irina M Artemieva, Stanford University, Stanford, United States and A M Celal Sengor, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey