Ye Chen¹, Daniel R Parsons², Stephen Simmons³, Matthieu Cartigny⁴, John Hughes Clarke⁵, Cooper Stacey⁶, Sophie Hage⁷, Peter Talling⁴, Maria Zabala-Azpiroz⁸, Michael Andrew Clare⁹, Rebecca Williams¹⁰, Jamie Lee Hizzett¹¹, James Hunt¹¹, Gwyn Lintern¹², Esther J Sumner¹³, Age Jan Vellinga¹¹ and Daniela Vendettuoli¹⁴, (1)University of Hull, Hull, HU6, United Kingdom, (2)University of Hull, Energy and Environment Institute, Hull, United Kingdom, (3)University of Hull, School of Environmental Sciences, Hull, HU6, United Kingdom, (4)University of Durham, Earth Sciences and Geography, Durham, United Kingdom, (5)University of New Hampshire, Durham, United States, (6)Natural Resources Canada, Sidney, BC, Canada, (7)University of Southampton, Ocean and Earth sciences, Southampton, United Kingdom, (8)Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geoscience, Tudelft, Netherlands, (9)University of Southampton, National Oceanography Centre, Southampton, United Kingdom, (10)University of Hull, Hull, United Kingdom, (11)National Oceanography Centre, Southampton, United Kingdom, (12)Geological Survey of Canada, Institute of Ocean Science, Sidney, Canada, (13)University of Southampton, Ocean and Earth Science, Southampton, United Kingdom, (14)University of Southampton, & NOC, Southampton, United Kingdom