John W Hernlund¹, Grace E Shephard², Christine T Houser¹, Renata Wentzcovitch³ and Reidar G Tronnes⁴, (1)Earth-Life Science Institute, Meguro, Tokyo, Japan, (2)University of Oslo, Centre for Earth Evolution and Dynamics (CEED), Oslo, Norway, (3)Columbia University in the City of New York, Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, New York, NY, United States, (4)University of Oslo, Centre for Earth Evolution and Dynamics, Oslo, Norway