Yanlan Liu¹, Mukesh Kumar², Gabriel George Katul³, Xue Feng⁴ and Alexandra G. Konings¹, (1)Stanford University, Department of Earth System Science, Stanford, CA, United States, (2)The University of Alabama, Department of Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering, Tuscaloosa, AL, United States, (3)Duke University, Nicholas School of the Environment, Durham, NC, United States, (4)University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Civil, Environmental, Geo-Engineering, Minneapolis, MN, United States