Joel Eklof, University of Washington, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Seattle, WA, United States, Mark P Waldrop, US Geological Survey, Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center, Menlo Park, CA, United States, Benjamin M Jones, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, Water and Environmental Research Center, Institute of Northern Engineering, Fairbanks, AK, United States and Rebecca Bergquist Neumann, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States