Qing Niu, University of Oklahoma Norman Campus, Norman, OK, United States, Saisai Ding, Peking University, Beijing, China, Greg M McFarquhar, Cooperative Institute for Mesoscale Meteorological Studies, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, United States, Roger Marchand, University of Washington, Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Seattle, WA, United States, Adam K. Theisen, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, United States and Ruhi Humphries, CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research, Aspendale, Australia