Naoki Mizukami, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Hydrometeorological Applications Program, Research Applications Laboratory, Boulder, CO, United States, Martyn P Clark, University of Saskatchewan Coldwater Laboratory, Canmore, Canada, David M Lawrence, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, United States, Inne Vanderkelen, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium and Wim Thiery, Vrije University Brussel, Department of Hydrology and Hydraulic Engineering, Brussels, Belgium