Gerard J Fasel¹, Jennifer Lau², Lou-Chuang Lee³, John c Mann¹, Kayley Butler¹, Fred Sigernes⁴ and Dag A Lorentzen⁵, (1)Pepperdine University, Malibu, CA, United States, (2)Pepperdine University, natural science department, Malibu, CA, United States, (3)Institute of Earth Sciences Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, (4)University Centre in Svalbard, Longyearbyen, Norway, (5)UNIS, Longyearbyen, Norway