B128-01
Amazon Plays an Important Climatic Role and Deforestation is Promoting Important Changes and a Consequent Increase in the Carbon Balance

Thursday, 17 December 2020: 05:30
Virtual
Luciana V Gatti1, Luana S Basso1, Lucas G. Domingues1,2, Henrique L. G. Cassol Sr.3, Graciela Tejada1, John B Miller4, Emanuel Ulrich Gloor5, Luiz E. O. C. Aragão6, Carlos Nobre7, Wouter Peters8, Liana O Anderson9, Celso von Randow10, Egidio Arai11, Luciano Marani1, Alber Sánchez3, Sergio Machado Correa12, Caio Silvestre de Carvalho Correia13, Stephane P. Crispim1 and Raiane A. L. Neves1, (1)INPE National Institute for Space Research, CCST, Sao Jose dos Campos, Brazil, (2)GNS Science, Lower Hutt, New Zealand, (3)INPE National Institute for Space Research, Sao Jose dos Campos, Brazil, (4)NOAA, Global Monitoring Laboratory, Boulder, CO, United States, (5)University of Leeds, School of Geography, Leeds, United Kingdom, (6)National Institute for Space Research, São José dos Campos, Brazil, (7)USP, IEA, Sao Paulo, Brazil, (8)Wageningen University, Meteorology and Air Quality, Wageningen, Netherlands, (9)National Center for Monitoring and Early Warning of Natural Disasters – Cemaden, São José dos Campos, Brazil, (10)Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais, São José dos Campos, Brazil, (11)INPE National Institute for Space Research, OBT, Sao Jose dos Campos, Brazil, (12)UERJ Rio de Janeiro State University, Resende, Brazil, (13)IPEN Nuclear Energy Research Institute, Sao Paulo, Brazil
Recorded Presentation
Abstract:
We present a nine-year study designed to present both regional and temporal representation of Amazon Carbon Balance from 2010 to 2018 using 590 aircraft vertical profiles. Four locations were strategically chosen: the northeast (SAN), southeast (ALF), northwest (TAB_TEF), and southwest (RBA) regions. Each of these regions represents a different deforestation scenario, land-use change, and climate impact. For instance, 37% of the region of influence at SAN site has already deforested; it also has shown the greatest changes in precipitation and Carbon emission. The changes in precipitation (P) and temperature (T) are mainly in the dry season for all sites. At the ALF site, 28% deforested, showed the greatest changes in temperature, and the second-highest carbon emission. On the other hand, the western Amazon sites (RBA and TAB_TEF), accounted for an average of deforestation of 16%, presented near neutral carbon balance and lower changes in precipitation and temperature. The eastern Amazon (SAN + ALF) represented 22% of the Amazon area, presented 27% of deforestation and was the region where dry season presented more substantial changes in precipitation (reduced by 24-34%) and temperature (increased by 1.9-2.5 ˚C). As a consequence of these climatic and anthropic changes, the carbon flux emission at eastern Amazon was around ten times higher than at western Amazon (RBA + TAB_TEF). Eastern Amazon was a carbon source during the 9-year analysis, of which 89% of the carbon flux comes from biomass burning. In the western Amazon, the low deforestation (~11%) showed less changes in dry season P and T and carbon sink in the Net Biome Exchange (NBE C Flux: Total C Flux less Fire C Flux). If the whole Amazon had the western NBE C flux, it could be removed from the atmosphere 0.74 Gt CO2 y-1. Therefore, Amazon is becoming a carbon source mainly due the fire emissions, which represent two times the Amazon carbon sink, as a result of anthropic and climatic changes.
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