Yisong Zhang¹, Jamesina J Simpson¹, Aaron J Ridley², Daniel T Welling³ and Michael Warren Liemohn⁴, (1)University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States, (2)Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States, (3)University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, United States, (4)University of Michigan, Climate and Space Sciences and Engineering, Ann Arbor, MI, United States

Juliane Huebert, Ciaran Beggan, Gemma Richardson, Adam Collins, Natalia Gomez Perez and Alan W P Thomson, British Geological Survey, Edinburgh, United Kingdom

Joe Hughes¹, Ryan Michael McGranaghan², Adam C Kellerman³, Jacob Bortnik⁴, Robert F Arritt⁵, Karthik Venkataramani¹, Jackson McCormick⁶, Chigomezyo Ngwira⁷, Morris Cohen⁸ and Charles Perry⁹, (1)Atmospheric and Space Technology Research Associates, LLC, Boulder, CO, United States, (2)Atmospheric and Space Technology Research Associates (ASTRA), Louisville, CO, United States, (3)University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, (4)University of California Los Angeles, Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, Los Angeles, CA, United States, (5)Electric Power Research Institute Palo Alto, Palo Alto, TN, United States, (6)Georgia Institute of Technology Main Campus, Atlanta, GA, United States, (7)ASTRA LLC, Science, Louisville, CO, United States, (8)Georgia Institute of Technology Main Campus, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Atlanta, GA, United States, (9)Electric Power Research Institute Palo Alto, Palo Alto, United States

Brett Anne Anne McCuen, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, United States, Mark B. Moldwin, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Department of Climate and Space Sciences and Engineering, Ann Arbor, MI, United States and Mark J. Engebretson, Augsburg University, Physics, Minneapolis, MN, United States

Elena Marshalko^1,2, Mikhail Kruglyakov^1,3, Alexey V Kuvshinov¹, Liisa Juusola⁴, Elena Sokolova², Vyacheslav A. Pilipenko^2,5 and Olga V. Kozyreva^2,5, (1)ETH Zurich, Institute of Geophysics, Zurich, Switzerland, (2)Schmidt Institute of Physics of the Earth RAS, Moscow, Russia, (3)GEMRC IPE RAS, Moscow, Russia, (4)Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland, (5)Geophysical Center, Moscow, Russia

Victoria Canillas¹, Joan Miquel Torta¹, Santiago Marsal¹, Juan Jose Curto¹, Alex Marcuello², Juanjo Ledo² and Pilar Queralt², (1)Observatori de l'Ebre, Roquetes, Spain, (2)University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain

Jiaojiao Zhang¹, Yiqun Yu², Chi Wang³, Dan Du⁴, Dong Wei² and Lianguang Liu⁵, (1)National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, (2)Beihang University, Beijing, China, (3)CSSAR, CAS, Beijing, China, (4)China Meteorological Administration, Beijing, China, (5)North Chna Electric Power University, Beijing, China

Gemma Richardson and Alan W P Thomson, British Geological Survey, Edinburgh, United Kingdom

Rachel Bailey^1,2, Roman Leonhardt¹, Christian Moestl^3,4, Martin Reiss^2,3, Andreas Weiss^3,4, Dennis Albert⁵, Philipp Schachinger⁵ and Georg Achleitner⁶, (1)Central Institute for Meteorology and Geodynamics (ZAMG), Conrad Observatory, Vienna, Austria, (2)Austrian Academy of Sciences, Space Research Institute, Graz, Austria, (3)Graz University of Technology, Institute of Geodesy, Graz, Austria, (4)Austrian Academy of Sciences, Space Research Institute, Vienna, Austria, (5)Graz University of Technology, Institute of Electrical Power Systems, Graz, Austria, (6)Austrian Power Grid AG, Vienna, Austria

Sean Patrick Blake¹, Antti A Pulkkinen², Peter W Schuck³, Alex Glocer², Denny M. Oliveira¹ and Daniel T Welling⁴, (1)NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, United States, (2)NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, MD, United States, (3)NASA GSFC, Silver Spring, MD, United States, (4)University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, United States

Christopher C Balch, NOAA Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States, Krishnat Patil, Siemens, Schenectady, NY, United States, Erin Joshua Rigler, USGS, Denver, CO, United States, Greg Lucas, Univ of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States and Anna Kelbert, USGS Geologic Hazards Science Center, Golden, CO, United States

Charles William Smith¹, John A. Blackwell², Lily Ercoline³, Scott Goelzer⁴, Andria Johnson⁵, Harald Kucharek⁶, Marc Lessard⁷, Richard Levergood⁸, Whitham D Reeve⁹, Michael R Routhier⁷, Nathan Schwadron⁷, Abigale S Watson¹⁰ and Carol Young⁵, (1)University of New Hampshire Main Campus, Space Science Center, Durham, NH, United States, (2)Phillips Exeter Academy, Science, Exeter, NH, United States, (3)ConVal Regional High School, Peterborough, NH, United States, (4)Coe-Brown Northwood Academy, Northwood, NH, United States, (5)ConVal Regional High School, Science, Peterborough, NH, United States, (6)Univ New Hampshire, Durham, NH, United States, (7)University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, United States, (8)Londonderry High School, Londonderry, NH, United States, (9)Reeve Engineers, Anchorage, AK, United States, (10)Wentworth Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Boston, MA, United States

Michael Coughlan, University of New Hampshire, Physics, Durham, NH, United States, Amy M Keesee, University of New Hampshire, Physics and Space Science Center, Durham, NH, United States, Victor A Pinto, University of New Hampshire Main Campus, Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans and Space, Durham, NH, United States, Jeremiah W Johnson, University of New Hampshire, Manchester, United States and Hyunju KIM Connor, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, United States