Masatomo Fujiwara, Hokkaido University, Faculty of Environmental Earth Science, Sapporo, Japan, Gloria L Manney, NorthWest Research Associates, Inc, Socorro, NM, United States, Lesley J Gray, Oxford University, Department of Physics, AOPP, Oxford, United Kingdom, Jonathon S. Wright, Tsinghua University, Department of Earth System Science, Beijing, China, James Anstey, Environment Canada, Canadian Centre for Climate Modelling and Analysis, Victoria, Canada, Thomas Birner, Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, Meteorological Institute, Munich, Germany, Sean M Davis, Chemical Sciences Division, NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory; Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, Boulder, CO, United States, Edwin P Gerber, New York University, Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences, New York, NY, United States, Lynn Harvey, Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, Boulder, CO, United States, Michaela Imelda Hegglin, Unversity of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom, Cameron R Homeyer, University of Oklahoma, School of Meteorology, Norman, OK, United States, John Andrew Knox, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States, Kirstin Krüger, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway, Alyn Lambert, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, United States, Craig S Long, NOAA Science Center, College Park, MD, United States, Patrick Martineau, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Yokohama, Japan, Beatriz Monge-Sanz, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, Michelle L Santee, JPL, Pasadena, CA, United States, Susann Tegtmeier, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatchewan, Canada, Simon Henri Chabrillat, Royal Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy, Brussels, Belgium, Gilbert P Compo, Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, Boulder, CO, United States, Wesley Ebisuzaki, NCEP, Camp Springs, MD, United States, Yayoi Harada, Meteorological Research Institute / Japan Meteorological Agency, Ibaraki, Japan, Chiaki Kobayashi, Meteorological Research Institute, Ibaraki, Japan, Kazutoshi Onogi, Japan Meteorological Agency, Tokyo, Japan, Krzysztof Wargan, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, United States, Jeffrey Whitaker, NOAA Physical Sciences Laboratory, Boulder, CO, United States and Rossana Dragani, European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, Reading, United Kingdom

Yayoi Harada¹, Shinya Kobayashi², Yuki Kosaka², Jotaro Chiba², Kenji Kamiguchi² and Takayuki Tokuhiro², (1)Meteorological Research Institute / Japan Meteorological Agency, Ibaraki, Japan, (2)Climate Prediction Division / Japan Meteorological Agency, Tokyo, Japan

Eun-Gyeong Yang, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) and Hyun Mee Kim, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea

Sabrina Wahl, University of Bonn, Meteorological Institute, Bonn, Germany and Jan Dominik Keller, Deutscher Wetterdienst, Offenbach, Germany

Jan Dominik Keller, Deutscher Wetterdienst, Offenbach, Germany and Sabrina Wahl, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany

Hans Hersbach¹, Bill Bell¹, Paul Berrisford¹, Per Dahlgren², Andras Horanyi¹, Julien P. Nicolas³, Raluca Radu¹, Joaquin Muñoz-Sabater¹, Dinand Schepers¹, Adrian Simmons¹ and Cornel Soci¹, (1)European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, Copernicus, Reading, United Kingdom, (2)The Norwegian Meteorological Institute, Oslo, Norway, (3)The Ohio State University, Byrd Polar and Climate Research Center, Columbus, OH, United States

Astrid Baquero-Bernal, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Physics Department, Bogota, Colombia, Kevin Alexander Chicaeme-Ordoñez, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Geosciences, Bogota, Colombia and John Mejia, Desert Research Institute, Reno, NV, United States

Suhung Shen¹, Binita KC², Jay Su³, William L Teng⁴, Barbara Deshong³, Michael G Bosilovich⁵, Allison Collow⁶, Mahabal Hegde⁷, Lena Fornito Iredell⁴, Dave L. Meyer⁸ and Fan Fang⁹, (1)George Mason University Fairfax, Fairfax, VA, United States, (2)NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, GES DISC, Greenbelt, United States, (3)ADNET Systems Inc. Greenbelt, Greenbelt, MD, United States, (4)NASA GES DISC (ADNET Systems Inc.), Greenbelt, MD, United States, (5)Earth Sciences Division, Greenbelt, MD, United States, (6)Universities Space Research Association Greenbelt, Greenbelt, MD, United States, (7)NASA GSFC GES DISC (ADNET Systems), Greenbelt, MD, United States, (8)NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, GES DISC, Greenbelt, MD, United States, (9)NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, United States

Stephen Bourguet, Harvard University, Earth and Planetary Sciences, Cambridge, MA, United States and Marianna Katherine Linz, Harvard University, Earth and Planetary Sciences and School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Cambridge, MA, United States

Luis F Millan Valle, NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, United States, Gloria L Manney, NorthWest Research Associates, Inc, Socorro, NM, United States and Zachary D Lawrence, Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, Boulder, CO, United States

Mohar Chattopadhyay, Science Systems and Applications, Inc., Lanham, MD, United States, Christine Bloecker, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Global Modeling and Assimilation Office, Greenbelt, MD, United States, Jong Kim, IMSG/NOAA, College Park, United States, Amal EL Akkraoui, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, silver spring, MD, United States, Santha Akella, Global Modeling and Assimilation Office (GMAO), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, United States and Will McCarty, NASA/GMAO, Greenbelt, MD, United States

Gerald L Potter¹, George John Huffman¹, David T Bolvin², Michael G Bosilovich³, Judy Hertz⁴ and Laura Carriere⁵, (1)NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, United States, (2)Science Systems and Applications, Inc., Lanham, MD, United States, (3)Earth Sciences Division, Greenbelt, MD, United States, (4)NASA GSFC, Greenbelt, MD, United States, (5)NCCS, NASA Goddard, Greenbelt, MD, United States

Juanxiao Gong^1,2, Jun Wang³, Kang Shichang⁴, Xiangao Xia⁵, Huanxin Zhang⁶, Lorena Castro Garcia⁶, Yi Wang⁷, Bin Liu⁸ and Yanyu Wang⁹, (1)State Key Laboratory of Cryosphere Science, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources，Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China, (2)The University of Iowa, Center for Global and Regional Environmental Research, Iowa City, United States, (3)the University of Iowa, Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, & Center of Global and Regional and Environmental Research, & Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Informatics, the University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States, (4)Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China, (5)Institute of Atmospheric Physics, LAGEO, Beijing, China, (6)University of Iowa, Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Iowa City, IA, United States, (7)University of Iowa, Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Iowa City, IA, United States, (8)Southwest University, Chongqing Jinfo Mountain Field Scientific Observation and Research Station for Kaster Ecosystem, School of Geographical Sciences, Chongqing, China, (9)Fudan University, Shanghai, China

Benjamin Ryan Johnston, University Corporation for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, United States, William John Randel, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, United States and Jeremiah P Sjoberg, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States