Explorations across the Himalayan mountain belt increasingly reveal how developments of atmosphere, biosphere, convecting mantle, crust, hydrosphere, and mantle lithosphere are dynamically linked in this region. Recent works commonly indicate first-order control of one component's development (e.g., crustal tectonics) as resulting from another component's development (e.g., monsoon intensification), leading to an overall picture of intense Earth System activity. In this session, we welcome observational and theoretical contributions to understanding of Earth System interactions across the Himalaya, to consider such questions as: -How can we parse major and minor driving mechanisms, chickens vs eggs? -What processes long-considered in only intra-sphere context can now be seen to have major inter-sphere forcing? How can we leverage new and improved marine records of erosion, weathering and climate evolution? -With newly recognized links between different Earth system components, what new model tests are possible? For example, could patterns of biodiversification test models of mantle dynamics?