Land-use and land cover change (LULC), including irrigated agriculture, have the potential to drastically alter the hydrologic cycle, affect carbon emissions, and water quality. It also affects spatiotemporal movements of moisture locally and in nearby areas. The emerging challenges of land system changes from a natural resource perspective are (1) Observing/estimating LULC, and (2) Quantifying/predicting subsequent hydrologic, and/or climate impacts. This session invites submissions that use emerging geospatial techniques such as remote sensing, modeling, artificial intelligence, assimilation of observed vegetation characteristics, and in situ observations like isotopes to quantify hydrologically-relevant landscape change and/or examine their impacts on: (i) Interactions and feedbacks across surface and groundwater interfaces (ii) Regional climate/drought characteristics; (iii) Carbon emissions, iv) Hydro-chemical fluxes and nutrient cycling. We also welcome studies exploring disturbance from natural versus anthropogenic sources and those dealing with uncertainty in selection of land cover datasets, statistical methods, or numerical modeling.