Bingzhang Chen, University of Strathclyde, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Glasgow, United Kingdom, David Montagnes, University of Liverpool, School of Biological Sciences, Liverpool, United Kingdom, Qing Wang, Jinan University, Department of Ecology, Guangzhou, China and Susanne Menden-Deuer, University of Rhode Island, Graduate School of Oceanography, Narragansett, RI, United States