Takao Kawasaki, Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, the University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan, Hiroyasu Hasumi, Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan, Yoshimasa Matsumura, The University of Tokyo, Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, Kashiwa, Japan, Hiroaki Tatebe, JAMSTEC Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Research Center for Environmental Modeling and Application, Yokohama, Japan, Yoshiki Komuro, Institute of Arctic Climate and Environment Research, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Japan and Shogo Urakawa, Meteorological Research Institute, Japan Meteorological Agency, Tsukuba, Japan