Ze Meng, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Oceanography, Shanghai, China, Lei Zhou, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Institute of Oceanography, Shanghai, China, Raghuram G Murtugudde, Univ of MD--ESSIC, College Park, MD, United States, Qingxuan Yang, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China and Kandaga Pujiana, NOAA/PMEL, Seattle, WA, United States