Longer, higher, broader – multidimensional record-breaking 2025 heat stress on Western Australia’s coral reefs

Scott Heron1, Blake Spady2, Jessica Benthuysen3, James Gilmour3, Camille Grimaldi3, Derek Manzello4, Nicole Ryan3, Claire M Spillman5 and the Western Australian Coral Bleaching Group, (1)James Cook University, Physical Sciences, College of Science and Engineering, Townsville, QLD, Australia, (2)NOAA Coral Reef Watch - Global Science & Technology, Inc., Townsville, QLD, Australia, (3)Australian Institute of Marine Science, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia, (4)NOAA/NESDIS, Center for Satellite Applications and Research/Coral Reef Watch, College Park, United States, (5)Bureau of Meteorology, Docklands, VIC, Australia