Keith B Rodgers¹, Daniele Bianchi², Olivier Aumont³, Julia L. Blanchard⁴, Laurent Bopp⁵, Matthias Büchner⁶, William W.L. Cheung⁷, Jason Everett⁸, Jerome Guiet⁹, Ryan Heneghan¹⁰, Vienney Guibourd de Luzinais¹¹, Simeon Hill¹², Michio Kawamiya¹³, Zhen Lin¹⁴, Kieran Murphy⁴, Juliano Palacios-Abrantes¹⁵, Colleen Petrik¹⁶, Ryohei Yamaguchi¹⁷, Anthony Richardson⁸ and Andrew Yool¹⁸, (1)Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan, (2)University of California Los Angeles, Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, Los Angeles, United States, (3)LOPS, Laboratoire d'Océanographie Physique et Spatiale, LOPS, CNRS, Ifremer, IRD, UBO, Rue Dumont D'Urville, 29280, Plouzané, France, Paris, France, (4)University of Tasmania, IMAS, Hobart, TAS, Australia, (5)LMD/IPSL, Ecole Normale Supérieure/Université PSL, CNRS, Département de Géosciences, Paris, France, (6)Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, Potsdam, Germany, (7)The University of British Columbia, Institute for the Oceans and Fisheries, Vancouver, BC, Canada, (8)University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, (9)University of California Los Angeles, Atmospheric and Oceanic Science department, Los Angeles, United States, (10)Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia, (11)L’Institut Agro Rennes-Angers, France, Rennes, France, (12)NERC British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge, United Kingdom, (13)JAMSTEC Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Kanagawa, Japan, (14)Advanced Institute for Marine Ecosystem Change; Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan, (15)The University of British Columbia, Institute for the Oceans and Fisheries, Vancouver, Canada, (16)Scripps Institution of Oceanography, Integrative Oceanography Division, La Jolla, United States, (17)JAMSTEC Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Research Institute for Global Change, Yokosuka, Japan, (18)National Oceanography Centre, Southampton, United Kingdom