William Johns¹, Emma Worthington², Amy S Bower³, Femke de Jong⁴, Johannes Karstensen⁵, Robert S Pickart⁶, Greg Koman⁷, Nora Fried⁸, Fehmi Dilmahamod⁹, Jie Huang⁶ and Astrid Pacini¹⁰, (1)Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Miami, UNITED STATES, (2)National Oceanography Centre, Southampton, United Kingdom, (3)Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, United States, (4)Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Texel, Netherlands, (5)Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Res, Kiel, Germany, (6)Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, United States, (7)University of Massachusetts Boston, School for the Environment, Boston, United States, (8)Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research & Utrecht University, Texel, Netherlands, (9)GEOMAR Helmholtz Center for Ocean Research, Kiel, Germany, (10)Applied Physics Laboratory University of Washington, Seattle, United States