The world changed in dramatic ways over the course of the Long Nineteenth Century (1770s – 1920). A “nameless fragmented century,” in the words of historian Jürgen Osterhammel, it was a period of tremendous transitions and transformations that resulted in a significant increase in global power for imperial nations; the spread of settler colonialism; the emergence of nationalism around the world; the stalling of democracy in many places; the growing contestation and subversion of traditional hierarchies despite the stubborn persistence of slavery and other forms of unfree labor; a transition to faster rates of economic growth, the spread of industrialization, and the beginning of the fossil fuel age. By focusing on transnational and oceanic connections across the era, this roundtable draws together scholars working in various spaces of Long Nineteenth Century History—including the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Ocean worlds—and drawing upon a diverse spread of subfields, methodologies, and archival perspectives, including international business and microhistory, Indigenous, environmental, and settler colonial histories, political, religious, and intellectual history and others. More than a state-of-the-field roundtable, this session seeks to highlight the vibrant and dynamic research and new directions that histories of the Long Nineteenth Century make possible. This session will be run as a true roundtable, organized around a handful of questions that participants will address. Potential topics discussed include historical connections and relationships between different regions of the world in this era and how those relationships changed over time, the productive tensions between nationalist framings and World/Global Historical approaches, and how the transnational connections this era gave rise to look differently based on the archival or methodological vantage point taken, and the possibilities and limitations of viewing the era in fundamentally transnational ways. Participants will be invited to draw on their own current research to discuss these themes. Ample time will be left to invite the audience to pose their own questions for the panelists.