Wednesday, 2 November 2005 - 4:15 PM
423d
Fabrication of Microarray Sensors Using a Temperature-Responsive Elastin Fusion Protein for Simultaneous Detection of Multiple Tumor Markers
Di Gao, Nicole McBean, Jerome S. Schultz, Ashok Mulchandani, and Wilfred Chen. Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521
We present a new method to fabricate antibody microarray sensors using hydrophobic interactions between a temperature-responsive elastin fusion protein and a hydrophobic glass surface for simultaneous detection of multiple tumor markers. The elastin fusion protein is composed of an elastin-like polypeptide (ELP) domain, which undergoes a reversible hydrophobic-hydrophilic phase transition in aqueous solutions upon changing of the temperature, and an antibody-binding domain, protein L, which binds immunoglobulin G from several mammalian species with a high specific binding avidity for the Fc portion. The capture antibodies in a sandwich antibody microarray configuration are first conjugated to the elastin-Protein L fusion, and the conjugated complexes are separated from the unconjugated antibody by temperature-triggered precipitation and resolubilization. The purified complexes with the ELP domain triggered to its hydrophobic phase are directly spotted using a robotic DNA microarrayer onto glass slides with a hydrophobic surface modified by a self-assembled monolayer. By using this method, the capture antibodies are immobilized in a functionally active orientation directly onto the array surface through the hydrophobic interaction, which is advantageous compared with other antibody immobilization methods involving covalent coupling or interactions with a ligand on the surface. Based on this immobilization technique, we have fabricated microarray sensors that are able to quantitatively detect three tumor markers (carbohydrate antigen 19-9, carbohydrate antigen 125, and carcinoma embryonic antigen) involved in the diagnosis of liver cancer, choriocarcinoma and ovarian cancer, using a sandwich antibody microarray format. Calibration curves of the fluorescence intensity as a function of the concentration in a wide range for each antigen have been constructed. A microarray sensor with the capability of simultaneously detecting three tumor markers has also been demonstrated. We expect that the immobilization method presented here could be a simple and universal platform to directly print antibodies on hydrophobic surfaces via hydrophobic interactions for the fabrication of a variety of antibody microarray sensors.
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