Characterization Of Lignin Gasification At High Heating Rates
Vipul Kumar, Kristiina Iisa, Sujit Banerjee and Wm. James Frederick, School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 500 10th Street, NW, Atlanta, GA 30332

Lignin is a major constituent of biomass, and woody biomass typically contains 20-30% lignin. Processes producing ethanol by fermentation of lignocellulosic biomass produce roughly equal amounts of lignin as a by-product and ethanol from the fermentation of the cellulose and hemicellulose fractions. The amount of fuels produced from lignocellulosic biomass can be increased by more than 50% if lignin is gasified to produce syngas for liquid fuels synthesis. Lignin is also a by-product from the chemical pulping of wood and can be extracted from they spent liquor for gasification. This study investigates the effect of temperature, residence time, and lignin type on fixed carbon conversion and tar formation during lignin gasification. Three types of lignin were gasified at high temperatures using a laminar entrained-flow reactor. Entrained-flow reactors provide very high fuel particle heating rates (~10,000°C/s), and the use of small particle sizes (~100 µm) ensures negligible temperature gradients within the particles. These features make entrained flow reactors well suited for kinetic studies at high heating rates. The differences in behavior between the various lignins as a function of reactor conditions will be illustrated.  

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Gasification and Syngas Refining - II

The Preliminary Program for 2007 Annual Meeting