Mercury is a toxic, persistent pollutant that accumulates in the food chain, primarily in fish. The U.S. coal-fired power plants, with capacity of just over 300 GW, are known to be a major source of domestic anthropogenic mercury emissions. To address this, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), on March 15, 2005, issued the first-ever federal rule to permanently reduce mercury emissions from these plants. The Clean Air Mercury Rule (CAMR) establishes standards of performance limiting mercury emissions from new and existing coal-fired power plants and creates a market-based program that will reduce nationwide utility emissions in two distinct phases. The Phase I emission limit (from 50 tons per year down to 38 tons by 2010) is expected to be met as a co-benefit of controls that have been installed to remove particulate matter (PM), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and nitrogen oxides (NOX). This would include capture of particulate-bound mercury in PM control equipment and capture of soluble mercury compounds (e.g., HgCl2) in wet flue gas desulfurization (FGD) systems. The Phase II emission limit (to 15 tons by 2018) will likely require the addition of mercury-specific control technology. This presentation will discuss issues associated with mercury capture/control and will provide a summary of EPA's research program.