Life Cycle Analysis of Nanoscale Titanium Dioxide: A State of the Science Review

The purpose of this study (funded by the U.S. EPA) was to compile and summarize currently-available information pertaining to the manufacturing, processing, use, and end-of-life of nanoscale titanium dioxide (nano-TiO2). The focus of the study was to identify, summarize, and present information; rather than to perform a critical evaluation of the results. The intent is to provide this information to the scientific community such that it can be used to evaluate human health and toxicity of nano-TiO2 throughout its life cycle as it is manufactured and introduced into the domestic market place and subsequently the environment.