Thermal exposure of each separate particle and a fast processing time provide attractive features that belong to the domain of thermal spraying. The additional capability of depositing these particles for the production of engineered materials has opened an array of novel material designs for the biomedical industry. Applications include dense or hollow spheres for cancer therapy, dense and porous coatings for the orthopaedic applications, and porous scaffolds for tissue engineering applications. This presentation will review the contribution of these unique material designs for treatment of disease and regeneration of tissue and organs, and then survey the current developments.