The whole genome sequence of Sus scrofa had been completely reported. Based on this information, applications of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of pig are undergoing. The molecular phylogenetic tree is constructed by using SNP as well as DNA markers. Several SNPs that have been reported up to date are also included those involved in diseases and quantitative traits. Clarification an origin and evaluation process of pig SNPs will be positively contributed to improve the efficiency of breeding program of pig. The purpose of this study is to clarify genetic relationship with pig and wild boars, and to estimate the origin of the SNP.
In this study, seven breeds of commercial pig, Ryukyu local pig, Asian Native pig, Asian wild boar, Japanese wild boar and Ryukyu wild boar, 542 individuals were analyzed by DigiTag2 assay for 96 SNPs, and the molecular phylogenetic tree (Neighbor-Joining method; NJ) was constructed. The two SNPs on RYR1 and LEPR genes were selected, which were related with economic traits. Allele frequencies were calculated in each population.
These samples were classified into European breeds and Asian populations. Furthermore, it was divided into 14 clades with respect to each breed or population. Besides, these two SNPs were originated from Europeans. It was presumed to have been accumulated in the process of domestication.