Daniela Iamartino
,
PTP Science Park, Lodi, Italy
Lorenzo Bomba
,
Inst. of Zootechnics, Università Cattolica del S. Cuore, Piacenza, Italy
Ezequiel Luis Nicolazzi
,
Parco Tecnologico Padano
Ahmed Sahar Saad El-din
,
National Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
Jesus Rommel V. Herrera
,
Philippine Carabao Center, College, Laguna, Philippines
Libertado Cruz
,
PCC-Philippines Carabao Center, Nueva Ecija, Philippines
Shujun Zhang
,
Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
Mehdi Mokhber
,
University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
Mehdi Mokhber
,
University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
Augustin Vlaic
,
University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj Napoca, Romania
Luigi Ramunno
,
Department of Agriculture, University of Naples “Federico II”, Portici (NA), Italy
G. Cosenza
,
DISSPAPA, University of Naples, Naples, Italy
Ali Ahmad
,
COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Sahival, Pakistan
Ihsan Soysal
,
Namik Kemal University, Tekirdag, Turkey
Mariena Ketudat-Cairns
,
Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
Rangsun Parnpai
,
Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
Marcela Gonçalves Drummond
,
Myleus Biotecnologia, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
Jose Fernando Garcia
,
Sao Paulo State University / UNESP, Sao Paulo, Brazil
Peter Galbusera
,
KMDA, Antwerpen, Belgium
James Burton
,
Earthwatch Institute, IUCN, Oxford, United Kingdom
Ellen Hoal
,
Stellenbosch University, TYGERBERG, South Africa
Alessio Valentini
,
University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
Bianca Moioli
,
Consiglio per la ricerca in agricoltura e l’analisi dell’economia agraria, Monterotondo, Rome, Italy
Marco Milanesi
,
Inst. of Zootechnics, Università Cattolica del S. Cuore, Piacenza, Italy
Licia Colli
,
Inst. of Zootechnics, Università Cattolica del S. Cuore, Piacenza, Italy
Alessandra Stella
,
PTP Science Park, Lodi, Italy
John Williams
,
PTP Science Park, Lodi, Italy
To date the International Buffalo Consortium has sequenced almost 80 river and swamp animals from different countries (Brazil, Pakistan, Italy, Iran, China and the Philippines). Past demographic events were deduced from whole genome sequences. The pairwise sequentially Markovian coalescent (PSMC) developed by Li and Durbin (2011) was applied to newly assembled buffalo sequence. The model relies on the distribution of heterozygous sites within an individual sequence to infer historical Ne. A generation interval of 6 years and a rate of 2-8 mutations per site per generation were applied as parameters. The inferred demography shows a sharp reduction in Ne around 200,000 years ago. A second strong reduction is observed around 5000 years ago, probably as a consequence of domestication. The Consortium is now genotyping with the 90K Affymetrix Axiom® Buffalo Genotyping Array river buffoloes from Egypt, Iran, Romania, Italy , Brazil, Pakistan and Turkey, and swamp buffaloes from China, Philippines, Thailand, Indonesia and Brazil. The wild related species Anoa and Cape Buffalo are also being characterised at the same SNPs to identify the SNP ancestral alleleic status. Geographic patterns of diversity in river and swamp buffaloes, as well as breed relationships inferred from SNP data will be described and discussed.
