Genetic Diversity of Mexican Creole Pig

Three breed of Mexican Creole Pig are recognized, Pelón Mexicano (PM), Cuino (CN) and Cáscate or Pata de Mula (ML). These breed did not only represent a reservoir of genes, but also an advantages due to the size, hardiness, and low input exploitation to combating hunger in Mexican rural communities. The objective of the study is to describe the genetic variability through analysis of genomic information from the Mexican Creole pig population. We collected 317 hair with follicle samples coming from 22 states of Mexico through a sampling of opportunity. The genotypes were obtained through Illumina microarray PorcineSNP60 v2 BeadChip (GeneSeek, Lincoln, NE). The samples were assigned to four classes of populations: 94 samples from PM; 4 from CN, 4 from ML and 214 samples from mosaic pig crossbreed (CX). After the quality control remains 44,244 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP). The frequency of the minor allele (MAF), the test Hardy Weiberg equilibrium (HWE) for MH and CX groups were performed using the PLINK 1.7. Descriptive statistics by chromosome were estimated using the procedure MEANS of SAS V 9.3. MAF shown that pigs ML possess greater diversity by chromosome. In contrast, the PM group showed lower levels of genetic diversity. Simultaneously, PM group showed the minor number of markers that were not in HWE, which suggest that this population it is homogeneously, and at the same time, conserving their genetic diversity compared to the group of pigs of indefinite cross.