P1251Syntenic and Phylogenetic Analysis of MADS-box Gene Family Evolution in the Carnivorous Plant Utricularia and Other Core Eudicots
Syntenic and Phylogenetic Analysis of MADS-box Gene Family Evolution in the Carnivorous Plant Utricularia and Other Core Eudicots
MADS-box genes encode important transcription factors that regulate various developmental stages of plants, from seed germination to fruit ripening. Both large-scale whole genome duplication (WGD) and small-scale tandem duplication have contributed to gene family architecture during angiosperm evolution.
Utricularia gibba (U. gibba), a carnivorous plant with an extremely contracted genome, has surprisingly undergone three rounds of WGD since it diverged from a common ancestor with tomato and grape. To observe how this special genome evolutionary history shaped the MADS-box gene family in U. gibba, we identified MADS-box genes from seven plant species including U. gibba. The phylogeny of these MADS-box genes shows diverse and dynamic changes of gene members from different species in different gene subfamily clades. To further investigate how duplication affected the evolution of MADS-box gene subfamilies, we analyzed synteny among MADS-box genes of four plant species. Our results suggest that the FLC/MAFs, SOC1, TM8, SEP and AP1/SQUA subfamilies might originate from two blocks containing tandem-duplicated MADS-box gene pairs, which can be dated to prior to the angiosperm common ancestor. The SVP subfamily, which is distinct from those above, comprises subclades that might have originated before the angiosperm common ancestor from a small-scale duplication of a single ancient MADS-box gene. Thereafter, shared or taxon-specific WGDs together with protein functional changes further shaped gene subfamily architecture in eudicots. Transcriptome data suggests functional divergence among U. gibba genes in these MADS box lineages, which may have contributed to U. gibba’s evolution and survival.
Utricularia gibba (U. gibba), a carnivorous plant with an extremely contracted genome, has surprisingly undergone three rounds of WGD since it diverged from a common ancestor with tomato and grape. To observe how this special genome evolutionary history shaped the MADS-box gene family in U. gibba, we identified MADS-box genes from seven plant species including U. gibba. The phylogeny of these MADS-box genes shows diverse and dynamic changes of gene members from different species in different gene subfamily clades. To further investigate how duplication affected the evolution of MADS-box gene subfamilies, we analyzed synteny among MADS-box genes of four plant species. Our results suggest that the FLC/MAFs, SOC1, TM8, SEP and AP1/SQUA subfamilies might originate from two blocks containing tandem-duplicated MADS-box gene pairs, which can be dated to prior to the angiosperm common ancestor. The SVP subfamily, which is distinct from those above, comprises subclades that might have originated before the angiosperm common ancestor from a small-scale duplication of a single ancient MADS-box gene. Thereafter, shared or taxon-specific WGDs together with protein functional changes further shaped gene subfamily architecture in eudicots. Transcriptome data suggests functional divergence among U. gibba genes in these MADS box lineages, which may have contributed to U. gibba’s evolution and survival.