The deadline to submit a session, town hall, or pre-conference workshop proposal for AGU25 has passed. Please search for and review proposed sessions below. Please note this site is frozen as of 4/29/25 and will not reflect any changes to proposals made after this date.


Conveners will be contacted by the AGU25 Program Committee with any requests for mergers or edits to proposals. Conveners will be notified of the acceptance of their proposal in mid-June.


Abstract submissions will also open in mid-June and the deadline for abstract submissions is 30 July, 2025.


Please visit the AGU25 website for more information or please contact AGU with any questions.

Session Proposal: The Gas Giants: Atmosphere, Interior, and Evolution of Jupiter and Saturn (AGU25)

P039
The Gas Giants: Atmosphere, Interior, and Evolution of Jupiter and Saturn

Session ID#: 252849

Session Description:
The formation and evolution of planets remains a fundamental question with broad implications for our understanding of the structure of the universe and the presence of life beyond Earth. Recent Juno and Cassini measurements have revealed novel fundamental constraints on the gravity field, magnetic environment, interior structure, atmospheric dynamics, and composition of Jupiter and Saturn. Here we bring together observations, theory, and modelling capable of advancing our understanding of the interior and atmospheric structures of the gas giants, and  explore the processes that govern their formation and evolution. We encourage submissions on emerging interdisciplinary topics, such as the coupling among atmosphere, magnetic fields, and interior structure. We also welcome contributions that address the various techniques required to observe and characterize gas giants within our solar system, as well as comparative studies involving extrasolar giant planets.
Index Terms:

6220 Jupiter [PLANETARY SCIENCES: SOLAR SYSTEM OBJECTS]
6275 Saturn [PLANETARY SCIENCES: SOLAR SYSTEM OBJECTS]
6296 Extra-solar planets [PLANETARY SCIENCES: SOLAR SYSTEM OBJECTS]
Primary Convener:  Dr. Benjamin Idini, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, United States
Conveners:  Cheng Li, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Climate and Space Sciences and Engineering, Ann Arbor, MI, United States, Paula Wulff, Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research, Goettingen, Germany and Ananyo Bhattacharya, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Climate and Space Sciences and Engineering, Ann Arbor, United States
Student/Early Career Convener:  Paula Wulff, Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research, Goettingen, Germany
 
The Inhomogeneous and Non-Adiabatic Evolution of the Solar System Gas Giants (1862054)
Roberto Tejada Arevalo1, Adam Burrows2, Ankan Sur2 and Yubo Su3, (1)Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, United States, (2)Princeton University, Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton, United States, (3)Princeton University, Princeton, United States
 
Juno Microwave Radiometer Measurements of the Depths of Spatial and Temporal Variability in Jupiter (1870149)
Glenn S Orton1, Zhimeng Zhang2, Steven Levin3, Leigh N. Fletcher4, Fabiano A Oyafuso1, Cheng Li5, Shawn Brueshaber6, Michael H. Wong7, Thomas Momary8, Scott J Bolton9, Kevin Baines10, Emma Dahl11 and James Andrew Sinclair10, (1)Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, United States, (2)Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Department of Geological and Planetary Sciences, Pasadena, United States, (3)Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, United States, (4)University of Leicester, School of Physics and Astronomy, Leicester, United Kingdom, (5)University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Climate and Space Sciences and Engineering, Ann Arbor, MI, United States, (6)Michigan Technological University, Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Houghton, United States, (7)University of California, Berkeley, United States, (8)NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, United States, (9)Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, United States, (10)Jet Propulsion Laboratory/California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, United States, (11)California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, United States
 
On the meaning of the dynamo radius in giant planets with stable layers (1870630)
Paula Wulff, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, United States, Hao Cao, University of California Los Angeles, Department of Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences, Los Angeles, CA, United States and Jonathan M Aurnou, University of California Los Angeles, Department of Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences, Los Angeles, United States
 
Statistical characteristics of Jupiter dispersed pulses observed by Juno (1877478)
Masafumi Imai1, Ivana Kolmasova1,2, William S Kurth3, Ondrej Santolik1,2, Michael H. Wong4, Ramanakumar Sankar4, George B Hospodarsky5, Scott J Bolton6 and Steven Levin7, (1)Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic, (2)Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic, (3)University of Iowa, Iowa City, United States, (4)University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States, (5)University of Iowa, Physics and Astronomy, Iowa City, United States, (6)Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, United States, (7)Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, United States
 
Jet-Eddy Regime Transitions on Jupiter and the Role of the Deep Convective Layer (1883903)
Anastasiia Chupakhina, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States and Elizabeth A Yankovsky, Yale University, New Haven, United States
 
Investigating Giant Planets Atmospheres: H2 CIA and First Interference Dips Measurements Over a Wide Temperature Range from 4000 to 5500 cm-1 (1890324)
Francesca Vitali1,2, Stefania Stefani1, Giuseppe Piccioni1, Marcel Snels3, Davide Grassi4, David Biondi1 and Angelo Boccaccini1, (1)IAPS-INAF, Rome, Italy, (2)University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy, (3)CNR Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, Rome, Italy, (4)INAF-IAPS, Rome, Italy
 
Deep Neural Network-based characterization of jovian moist convection (1892140)
Ramanakumar Sankar1, Bernadette Bucher2, Emma Dahl3, G. Eichstädt4, Georgios Georgakis5, Aditya Singh2, Shrey Shah2, Sofia Talleri6 and Michael Wong7, (1)University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States, (2)University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, United States, (3)California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, United States, (4)Independent scholar, Stuttgart, Germany, (5)Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Sylmar, California, UNITED STATES, (6)Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, United States, (7)Space Sciences Laboratory, Berkeley, United States
 
Hubble Space Telescope imaging coverage of Jupiter during Juno perijove passes 77 and 78 (1897903)
Michael H. Wong, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States, Steven M Hill, Independent Researcher, Denver, Colorado, United States, Patrick GJ Irwin, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, Amy A Simon, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, United States, Victor Tejfel, Fesenkov Astrophysical Institute, Almaty, Kazakhstan, John Rogers, British Astronomical Association, London, United Kingdom, Imke De Pater, Univ California Berkeley, Berkeley, United States and Gordon L Bjoraker, NASA, Greenbelt, United States
 
The bimodal extension of Jupiter’s dilute core (1900315)
Dr. Benjamin Idini, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, United States
 
Constraining Saturn's Tidal Dissipation and Titan's Migration Rate Combining Radio Science Normal Points and Astrometry (1903495)
Andrea Magnanini1, Valery Lainey2, Luis Gomez Casajus3, Marco Zannoni3,4 and Paolo Tortora3,4, (1)University of Bologna, Department of Industrial Engineering, Bologna, Italy, (2)LTE, Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université de Lille 1, Paris, France, Paris, France, (3)University of Bologna, Department of Industrial Engineering, Forlì, Italy, (4)University of Bologna, Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca Industriale Aerospaziale, Forlì, Italy
 
Instruments on Juno Observe Jupiter’s Atmosphere and Interior: Blind Men and Women Observe the Elephant - (1) Water Abundance, (2) Temperature-Opacity Degeneracy, (3) Deep Winds on Cylinders, (4) Polar Vortex Crystals (1904658)
Andrew P. Ingersoll, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, United States
 
Dynamical Constraints on the Vertical Structure of Jupiter’s Polar Cyclones (1908871)
Nimrod Gavriel, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel and Yohai Kaspi, Weizmann Institute of Science, Earth and Planetary Sciences, Rehovot, Israel
 
Double-diffusive Convection in a Model of Saturn's Stably Stratified Layer (1912211)
Yue-Kin Tsang1, Céline Guervilly2 and Graeme Sarson2, (1)Newcastle University, Tyne and Wear, United Kingdom, (2)Newcastle University, Newcastle, United Kingdom
 
Jovian Cloud Pressure, Ammonia Mole Fraction, and 5-μm Radiance during 2024-25 EZ Disturbance (1914911)
Steven M Hill, Independent Researcher, Denver, Colorado, United States, Glenn Orton, Jet Propulsion Laboratory/California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, United States, Patrick GJ Irwin, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, John Rogers, British Astronomical Association, London, United Kingdom, Michael Wong, Space Sciences Laboratory, Berkeley, United States and Leah Tiktin, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, United States
 
C++ Acceleration of Unidata’s MetPy Thermodynamics Module and its Adaptation to Jupiter Thunderstorm Analysis (1917154)
Linfeng Li1, Ryan May2, Drew Camron2, Jaye Norman3, Yuan Ho4, Sean Arms5, Huazhi Ge6 and Cheng Li1, (1)University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Climate and Space Sciences and Engineering, Ann Arbor, MI, United States, (2)University Corporation for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, United States, (3)North Carolina State University Raleigh, Department of Marine, Earth, and Atmospheric Sciences, Raleigh, United States, (4)UCAR/Unidata, Boulder, CO, United States, (5)University Corporation for Atmospheric Research, Unidata, Boulder, United States, (6)California Institute of Technology, Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, Pasadena, United States
 
A Comprehensive Assessment of the Tianwen-4 Mission's Potential to Refine Jupiter's Gravity Field (1922056)
Zohaib Afzal1, Yan Jianguo1, Jean-Pierre Barriot1 and Rana Waqar Aslam2, (1)Wuhan University, State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing, Wuhan, China, (2)Wuhan University, State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing (LIESMARS), Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China., Wuhan, China
 
Constraining the Amount of Helium Rain in Jupiter and Saturn with Ab initio Computer Simulations and Interior Models (1929205)
Burkhard Militzer, University of California Berkeley, Earth and Planetary Science, Berkeley, CA, United States
 
Trapping Alkali Metals in Mineral Clouds Explains the Juno MWR Puzzle (1931249)
Xi Zhang1, Cheng Li2 and Jiheng Hu2, (1)University of California Santa Cruz, Earth and Planetary Sciences, Santa Cruz, CA, United States, (2)University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Climate and Space Sciences and Engineering, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
 
Tropospheric Composition and Thermal Structures of Jupiter's North Pole Revealed by Juno Microwave Measurements (1933344)
Jiheng Hu1, Cheng Li1, Alessandro Mura2, Fabiano A Oyafuso3, Glenn Orton3, Leigh N. Fletcher4, Liming Li5, Sushil K Atreya6, Tristan Guillot7, Yuan Lian8, Zhimeng Zhang9, Steven Levin3 and Scott J Bolton10, (1)University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Climate and Space Sciences and Engineering, Ann Arbor, MI, United States, (2)IAPS-INAF, Rome, Italy, (3)Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, United States, (4)University of Leicester, School of Physics and Astronomy, Leicester, United Kingdom, (5)University of Houston, Physics Department, Houston, TX, United States, (6)University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Climate and Space Sciences and Engineering, Ann Arbor, United States, (7)Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur, Nice, France, (8)Aeolis Research, Chandler, United States, (9)California Institute of Technology, Department of Geological and Planetary Sciences, Pasadena, United States, (10)Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, United States
 
A Search for Jovian Lightning-Induced Radio Waves in the HFR‑Lo Band (0.5–3 MHz) Using Juno Waves Data (1935698)
Praveen Basuvaraj1, Masafumi Imai1, Ivana Kolmasova1,2, Ondrej Santolik1,2, David Pisa1, Ulrich Taubenschuss1, William S Kurth3, George B Hospodarsky4, Scott J Bolton5 and John E P Connerney6, (1)Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic, (2)Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic, (3)University of Iowa, Iowa City, United States, (4)University of Iowa, Physics and Astronomy, Iowa City, United States, (5)Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, United States, (6)Space Research Corporation, Annapolis, United States
 
Analysis of Jupiter’s atmospheric thermal structure using two years of Juno radio occultations (1956111)
Yohai Kaspi1, Maria Smirnova1, Eli Galanti1, Andrea Caruso2, Leigh N. Fletcher3, Luis Gomez Casajus4, William B Hubbard5, Glenn Orton6, Marzia Parisi7, Marco Zannoni4, Paul G Steffes8, Steven Levin9, Paolo Tortora4 and Scott J Bolton10, (1)Weizmann Institute of Science, Earth and Planetary Sciences, Rehovot, Israel, (2)Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca Industriale - Aerospaziale, Università di Bologna, Italy, (3)University of Leicester, School of Physics and Astronomy, Leicester, United Kingdom, (4)University of Bologna, Department of Industrial Engineering, Forlì, Italy, (5)University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States, (6)Jet Propulsion Laboratory/California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, United States, (7)Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, United States, (8)Georgia Institute of Technology Main Campus, Atlanta, GA, United States, (9)Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, United States, (10)Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, United States
 
Jupiter Polar Vortex Simulation with a Quasi-geostrophic Continuous Forcing Model (1957311)
TingJuan Liao, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, United States, Andrew P. Ingersoll, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, United States and Andrew Ingresoll
 
3D Simulations of Polar Vortices on Jupiter by JupiterMPAS (Invited) (1957525)
Yuan Lian1, Cheng Li2, Jiheng Hu2, Andrew P. Ingersoll3, Tristan Guillot4, Shawn Brueshaber5, Michael Wong6, John Rogers7 and Steven Levin8, (1)Aeolis Research, Chandler, United States, (2)University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Climate and Space Sciences and Engineering, Ann Arbor, MI, United States, (3)California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, United States, (4)Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur, Nice, France, (5)Michigan Technological University, Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Houghton, United States, (6)Space Sciences Laboratory, Berkeley, United States, (7)British Astronomical Association, London, United Kingdom, (8)Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, United States
 
Outbreaks on Jupiter's Fastest Jet: a Candidate of Baroclinic Instabilities Revealed by Nonhydrostatic Simulations and Multi-wavelength Observations (1976381)
Huazhi Ge, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, United States, Chris Moeckel, Space Sciences Laboratory, Berkeley, United States, Imke De Pater, Univ California Berkeley, Berkeley, United States, Andrew P. Ingersoll, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, United States, Leigh N. Fletcher, University of Leicester, School of Physics and Astronomy, Leicester, United Kingdom, John Rogers, British Astronomical Association, London, United Kingdom, Shinji Mizumoto, ALPO-Japan, Tokyo, Japan, Xi Zhang, University of California Santa Cruz, Earth and Planetary Sciences, Santa Cruz, CA, United States and Glenn Orton, Jet Propulsion Laboratory/California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, United States
 
3D Hydrodynamical Modeling of Jupiter’s Disequilibrium Carbon Monoxide – Latitudinal trends and Meridional Transport (1980621)
Ali Hyder1, Huazhi Ge2, Jeehyun Yang3 and Glenn Orton1, (1)NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, United States, (2)University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, United States, (3)University of Chicago, Chicago, United States
 
Limb Darkening in Jupiter’s North: Deconvolution of Juno’s Microwave Radiometer Data (1984438)
Fabiano A Oyafuso1, Cheng Li2, Steven Levin1, Zhimeng Zhang3, Virgil Adumitroaie1, Shannon Thomas Brown1, Jiheng Hu2 and Scott Bolton4, (1)Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, United States, (2)University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Climate and Space Sciences and Engineering, Ann Arbor, MI, United States, (3)California Institute of Technology, Department of Geological and Planetary Sciences, Pasadena, United States, (4)Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, United States
 
Polar Vortex Dynamics on Gas Giants: Insights from 2D Energy Cascades (1997007)
Jiaru Shi, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States and Wanying Kang, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States
See more of: Planetary Sciences
<< Previous Session Proposal | Next Session Proposal >>