The flow of water from inland ecosystems to the world’s oceans facilitates the lateral transport of greenhouse gases (GHGs) from inland ecosystems. During this process, rivers and streams can act as GHG sources. These lateral fluxes and emissions are dictated by myriad environmental factors, and efforts to better understand the role of inland waters in GHG cycles span from modeling to in-situ field campaigns to the use of space-based Earth-observing platforms. Geographic complexities and the resolution of space-based observing instruments make both modeling and direct measurement approaches difficult. Therefore, this session focuses on the quantification of lateral fluxes (1) between riparian zones and inland waters, (2) in the biological processes within inland waters, (3) and GHGs emitted through lake-/river-atmosphere interactions at various spatiotemporal scales.