Understanding the processes regulating carbon and nutrient flow through the plant-soil-microbe system is increasingly important as soil systems are under escalating stress from a changing climate and unsustainable land use practices. Furthermore, soil resources are often unavailable to plants because they are tightly bound to soil minerals and soil organic matter (SOM). This session is focused on research that employs multiple experimental techniques including x-ray/synchrotron methods to better visualize rhizosphere processes such as nutrient uptake, SOM stabilization, and root formation/growth. We invite presentations on novel ways to enhance what we know about the interplay of SOM, mineralogy, soil pore structure, and the interaction of roots within the rhizosphere. Field, laboratory, imaging, modeling, and cross-disciplinary studies across scales are highly encouraged. We hope to generate new knowledge that leads to new experimental approaches possibly involving multiple DOE national user facilities, as well as improved processes for a sustainable agriculture.