Brendan Byrne¹, Junjie Liu², Meemong Lee², Yi Yin³, Kevin W. Bowman², Kazuyuki Miyazaki², Dave Pollard⁴, David W T Griffith⁵, Voltaire A Velazco⁵, Nicholas Michael Deutscher⁵, Nicholas B Jones⁵ and Clare Paton-Walsh⁵, (1)Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, United States, (2)Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, United States, (3)California Institute of Technology, Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, Pasadena, CA, United States, (4)National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Wellington, New Zealand, (5)University of Wollongong, Centre for Atmospheric Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Wollongong, NSW, Australia

Frederic Chevallier¹, Bo Zheng¹, Gregoire Broquet¹, Philippe Ciais², Zhu Liu³, Steven J Davis⁴, Zhu Deng⁵, Yilong Wang⁶ and Christopher O'Dell⁷, (1)LSCE Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, Gif-Sur-Yvette Cedex, France, (2)LSCE Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, Gif-Sur-Yvette, France, (3)Tsinghua University, Department of Earth System Science, Beijing, China, (4)University of California Irvine, Department of Earth System Science, Irvine, CA, United States, (5)Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China, (6)Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Beijing, China, (7)Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States

Michael Alexander Buchwitz¹, Maximilian Reuter², Stefan Noel², Oliver Schneising¹, Heinrich Bovensmann¹ and John Philip Burrows FRS³, (1)University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany, (2)University of Bremen, Institute of Environmental Physics (IUP), Bremen, Germany, (3)University of Bremen, Institute of Environmental Physics, Bremen, Germany

Tsuneo Matsunaga¹, Isamu Morino², Yukio Yoshida³, Makoto Saito⁴, Hibiki Noda⁵, Hirofumi Ohyama², Yosuke Niwa², Hisashi Yashiro¹, Ryuichi Hirata², Akihide Kamei², Fumie Kawazoe², Tazu Saeki², Ryoichi Imasu⁶, Naoko Saitoh⁷, Teruyuki Nakajima⁸, Takashi Y. Nakajima⁹, Makiko Hashimoto¹⁰ and Akihiko Kuze¹¹, (1)NIES National Institute of Environmental Studies, Ibaraki, Japan, (2)National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Japan, (3)NIES, Tsukuba, Japan, (4)National Institute of Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Japan, (5)NIES National Institute of Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Japan, (6)University of Tokyo, Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, Bunkyo-ku, Japan, (7)CEReS, Chiba, Japan, (8)National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES), Tsukuba, Japan, (9)Tokai University, Tokyo, Japan, (10)Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Tsukuba, Japan, (11)JAXA Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, EORC, Tsukuba, Japan

Michael R Gunson, NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA, United States, Annmarie Eldering, NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, United States and David Crisp, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, United States

David Crisp¹, Annmarie Eldering², Michael R Gunson³, Akihiko Kuze⁴, Abhishek Chatterjee⁵, Junjie Liu⁶, Paul I Palmer⁷, Liang Feng⁸, Sean Crowell⁹, Janne Juhani Hakkarainen¹⁰, David Schimel¹, Yi Yin¹¹, Jacob Hedelius¹² and John C Lin¹³, (1)NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA, United States, (2)NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, United States, (3)Jet Propulsion Lab, Pasadena, CA, United States, (4)JAXA Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, EORC, Tsukuba, Japan, (5)USRA, Greenbelt, MD, United States, (6)Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, United States, (7)University of Edinburgh, School of Geosciences, Edinburgh, United Kingdom, (8)University of Edinburgh, NCEO, Edinburgh, EH9, United Kingdom, (9)University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, United States, (10)Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland, (11)California Institute of Technology, Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, Pasadena, CA, United States, (12)California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, United States, (13)University of Utah, Atmospheric Sciences, Salt Lake City, UT, United States

Helene Peiro, University of Oklahoma Norman Campus, Norman, OK, United States, Sean Crowell, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, United States, Andrew E Schuh, Colorado State University, CIRA, Fort Collins, CO, United States, Andrew R Jacobson, NOAA Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States, Sourish Basu, NOAA, ESRL/GMD, Boulder, CO, United States, David F Baker, Colorado State University, CIRA, Fort Collins, DC, United States, Junjie Liu, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, United States, Frederic Chevallier, LSCE Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, Gif-Sur-Yvette Cedex, France, Matthew S Johnson, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, United States, Brad Weir, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Global Modeling and Assimilation Office, Greenbelt, MD, United States and Feng Deng, University of Toronto, Physics, Toronto, ON, Canada

Yifan Guan, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, United States, Gretchen Keppel-Aleks, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Climate and Space Sciences and Engineering, Ann Arbor, MI, United States, Galen A McKinley, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, Palisades, NY, United States, Scott Doney, University of Virginia, Department of Environmental Sciences, Charlottesville, VA, United States and Amanda R Fay, Lamont -Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, Palisades, NY, United States