A reliable estimate of surface mass balance (SMB) is critical for understanding past, present, and future ice sheet mass balance and sea level change. In Antarctica, trends in mass balance are sensitive to large variability in SMB, driven predominantly by snowfall anomalies. Meltwater runoff is a leading driver of Greenland mass loss, and increases in melt more broadly over ice sheet and ice shelf surfaces warrants greater attention to surface hydrology and its potential impacts on hydrofracture, firn properties, and surface albedo. Our assessment of ice sheet mass balance depends on detailed observations and the accurate representation of these processes in ice sheet and climate models. We invite both observational and modeling-based presentations that study SMB processes, drivers, and impacts, including snow accumulation and redistribution, firn densification, meltwater production, retention, and transport, and those that combine SMB with solid ice discharge products to assess trends in ice sheet mass balance.