Space colonists will depend upon food as much as technology. Much published research exists on growing crops in space, but a serious literature gap exists concerning what crops are potentially best to grow. Seeds selected must withstand extreme environments; possess superior storage ability; produce tasty and nutritious products in greens, grains, starches and sweets to satisfy palates; offer useful attributes in fiber, fuel, construction materials, and medicines; plus be able to germinate and grow quickly with less water and less need for growth supplements than modern market crops. This study demonstrates that selected high-purpose “superweeds” hold the highest potential of sustainability for off-world pioneers. After all, superweeds represent the hardiest and most genetically diverse crops on planet Earth, and they force us to question, “Are the plants that modern agriculture can’t kill the plants that offer the greatest chance of survival for themselves and for those who depend upon them?”